20 USC 2302 - Definitions

Unless otherwise specified, in this chapter:
(1) Administration 
The term administration, when used with respect to an eligible agency or eligible recipient, means activities necessary for the proper and efficient performance of the eligible agency or eligible recipients duties under this chapter, including the supervision of such activities. Such term does not include curriculum development activities, personnel development, or research activities.
(2) All aspects of an industry 
The term all aspects of an industry means strong experience in, and comprehensive understanding of, the industry that the individual is preparing to enter, including information as described in section 2328 of this title.
(3) Area career and technical education school 
The term area career and technical education school means
(A) a specialized public secondary school used exclusively or principally for the provision of career and technical education to individuals who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market;
(B) the department of a public secondary school exclusively or principally used for providing career and technical education in not fewer than 5 different occupational fields to individuals who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market;
(C) a public or nonprofit">nonprofit technical institution or career and technical education school used exclusively or principally for the provision of career and technical education to individuals who have completed or left secondary school and who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market, if the institution or school admits, as regular students, individuals who have completed secondary school and individuals who have left secondary school; or
(D) the department or division of an institution of higher education, that operates under the policies of the eligible agency and that provides career and technical education in not fewer than 5 different occupational fields leading to immediate employment but not necessarily leading to a baccalaureate degree, if the department or division admits, as regular students, both individuals who have completed secondary school and individuals who have left secondary school.
(4) Articulation agreement 
The term articulation agreement means a written commitment
(A) that is agreed upon at the State level or approved annually by the lead administrators of
(i) a secondary institution and a postsecondary educational institution; or
(ii) a subbaccalaureate degree granting postsecondary educational institution and a baccalaureate degree granting postsecondary educational institution; and
(B) to a program that is
(i) designed to provide students with a nonduplicative sequence of progressive achievement leading to technical skill proficiency, a credential, a certificate, or a degree; and
(ii) linked through credit transfer agreements between the 2 institutions described in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A) (as the case may be).
(5) Career and technical education 
The term career and technical education means organized educational activities that
(A) offer a sequence of courses that
(i) provides individuals with coherent and rigorous content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical knowledge and skills needed to prepare for further education and careers in current or emerging professions;
(ii) provides technical skill proficiency, an industry-recognized credential, a certificate, or an associate degree; and
(iii) may include prerequisite courses (other than a remedial course) that meet the requirements of this subparagraph; and
(B) include competency-based applied learning that contributes to the academic knowledge, higher-order reasoning and problem-solving skills, work attitudes, general employability skills, technical skills, and occupation-specific skills, and knowledge of all aspects of an industry, including entrepreneurship, of an individual.
(6) Career and technical student organization 

(A) In general 
The term career and technical student organization means an organization for individuals enrolled in a career and technical education program that engages in career and technical education activities as an integral part of the instructional program.
(B) State and national units 
An organization described in subparagraph (A) may have State and national units that aggregate the work and purposes of instruction in career and technical education at the local level.
(7) Career guidance and academic counseling 
The term career guidance and academic counseling means guidance and counseling that
(A) provides access for students (and parents, as appropriate) to information regarding career awareness and planning with respect to an individuals occupational and academic future; and
(B) provides information with respect to career options, financial aid, and postsecondary options, including baccalaureate degree programs.
(8) Charter school 
The term school">charter school has the meaning given the term in section 7221i of this title.
(9) Cooperative education 
The term cooperative education means a method of education for individuals who, through written cooperative arrangements between a school and employers, receive instruction, including required rigorous and challenging academic courses and related career and technical education instruction, by alternation of study in school with a job in any occupational field, which alternation
(A) shall be planned and supervised by the school and employer so that each contributes to the education and employability of the individual; and
(B) may include an arrangement in which work periods and school attendance may be on alternate half days, full days, weeks, or other periods of time in fulfilling the cooperative program.
(10) Displaced homemaker 
The term displaced homemaker means an individual who
(A) 
(i) has worked primarily without remuneration to care for a home and family, and for that reason has diminished marketable skills;
(ii) has been dependent on the income of another family member but is no longer supported by that income; or
(iii) is a parent whose youngest dependent child will become ineligible to receive assistance under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) not later than 2 years after the date on which the parent applies for assistance under such title; and
(B) is unemployed or underemployed and is experiencing difficulty in obtaining or upgrading employment.
(11) Educational service agency 
The term educational service agency has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
(12) Eligible agency 
The term eligible agency means a State board designated or created consistent with State law as the sole State agency responsible for the administration of career and technical education in the State or for the supervision of the administration of career and technical education in the State.
(13) Eligible institution 
The term eligible institution means
(A) a public or nonprofit">nonprofit private institution of higher education that offers career and technical education courses that lead to technical skill proficiency, an industry-recognized credential, a certificate, or a degree;
(B) a local educational agency providing education at the postsecondary level;
(C) an area career and technical education school providing education at the postsecondary level;
(D) a postsecondary educational institution controlled by the Bureau of Indian Affairs or operated by or on behalf of any Indian tribe that is eligible to contract with the Secretary of the Interior for the administration of programs under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.) or the Act of April 16, 1934 (25 U.S.C. 452 et seq.);
(E) an educational service agency; or
(F) a consortium of 2 or more of the entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
(14) Eligible recipient 
The term eligible recipient means
(A) a local educational agency (including a public school">charter school that operates as a local educational agency), an area career and technical education school, an educational service agency, or a consortium, eligible to receive assistance under section 2351 of this title; or
(B) an eligible institution or consortium of eligible institutions eligible to receive assistance under section 2352 of this title.
(15) Governor 
The term Governor means the chief executive officer of a State.
(16) Individual with limited English proficiency 
The term individual with limited English proficiency means a secondary school student, an adult, or an out-of-school youth, who has limited ability in speaking, reading, writing, or understanding the English language, and
(A) whose native language is a language other than English; or
(B) who lives in a family or community environment in which a language other than English is the dominant language.
(17) Individual with a disability 

(A) In general 
The term individual with a disability means an individual with any disability (as defined in section 12102 of title 42).
(B) Individuals with disabilities 
The term individuals with disabilities means more than 1 individual with a disability.
(18) Institution of higher education 
The term institution of higher education has the meaning given the term in section 1001 of this title.
(19) Local educational agency 
The term local educational agency has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
(20) Non-traditional fields 
The term non-traditional fields means occupations or fields of work, including careers in computer science, technology, and other current and emerging high skill occupations, for which individuals from one gender comprise less than 25 percent of the individuals employed in each such occupation or field of work.
(21) Outlying area 
The term outlying area means the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Republic of Palau.
(22) Postsecondary educational institution 
The term postsecondary educational institution means
(A) an institution of higher education that provides not less than a 2-year program of instruction that is acceptable for credit toward a bachelors degree;
(B) a tribally controlled college or university; or
(C) a nonprofit">nonprofit educational institution offering certificate or apprenticeship programs at the postsecondary level.
(23) Postsecondary education tech prep student 
The term postsecondary education tech prep student means a student who
(A) has completed the secondary education component of a tech prep program; and
(B) has enrolled in the postsecondary education component of a tech prep program at an institution of higher education described in clause (i) or (ii) of section 2373 (a)(1)(B) of this title.
(24) School dropout 
The term school dropout means an individual who is no longer attending any school and who has not received a secondary school diploma or its recognized equivalent.
(25) Scientifically based research 
The term scientifically based research means research that is carried out using scientifically based research standards, as defined in section 9501 of this title.
(26) Secondary education tech prep student 
The term secondary education tech prep student means a secondary education student who has enrolled in 2 courses in the secondary education component of a tech prep program.
(27) Secondary school 
The term secondary school has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of this title.
(28) Secretary 
The term Secretary means the Secretary of Education.
(29) Special populations 
The term special populations means
(A) individuals with disabilities;
(B) individuals from economically disadvantaged families, including foster children;
(C) individuals preparing for non-traditional fields;
(D) single parents, including single pregnant women;
(E) displaced homemakers; and
(F) individuals with limited English proficiency.
(30) State 
The term State, unless otherwise specified, means each of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each outlying area.
(31) Support services 
The term support services means services related to curriculum modification, equipment modification, classroom modification, supportive personnel, and instructional aids and devices.
(32) Tech prep program 
The term tech prep program means a tech prep program described in section 2373 (c) of this title.
(33) Tribally controlled college or university 
The term tribally controlled college or university has the meaning given the term in section 1801 (a) of title 25.
(34) Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institution 
The term tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institution means an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of this title, except that subsection (a)(2) of such section shall not be applicable and the reference to Secretary in subsection (a)(5) of such section shall be deemed to refer to the Secretary of the Interior) that
(A) is formally controlled, or has been formally sanctioned or chartered, by the governing body of an Indian tribe or Indian tribes;
(B) offers a technical degree or certificate granting program;
(C) is governed by a board of directors or trustees, a majority of whom are Indians;
(D) demonstrates adherence to stated goals, a philosophy, or a plan of operation, that fosters individual Indian economic and self-sufficiency opportunity, including programs that are appropriate to stated tribal goals of developing individual entrepreneurships and self-sustaining economic infrastructures on reservations;
(E) has been in operation for at least 3 years;
(F) holds accreditation with or is a candidate for accreditation by a nationally recognized accrediting authority for postsecondary career and technical education; and
(G) enrolls the full-time equivalent of not less than 100 students, of whom a majority are Indians.