TITLE 20 - US CODE - CHAPTER 78 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICS, AND CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION

TITLE 20 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER I - TEACHER ASSISTANCE

Part A - Teachers for a Competitive Tomorrow

20 USC 9811 - Purpose

The purpose of this part is

(1) to develop and implement programs to provide integrated courses of study in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages, and teacher education, that lead to a baccalaureate degree in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language, with concurrent teacher certification;

(2) to develop and implement 2- or 3-year part-time masters degree programs in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language education for teachers in order to enhance the teachers content knowledge and pedagogical skills; and

(3) to develop programs for professionals in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language education that lead to a masters degree in teaching that results in teacher certification.

20 USC 9812 - Definitions

In this part:

(1) Children from low-income families
The term children from low-income families means children described in section 6333 (c)(1)(A) of this title.

(2) Eligible recipient
The term eligible recipient means an institution of higher education that receives grant funds under this part on behalf of a department of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language, or on behalf of a department or school with a competency-based degree program (in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language) that includes teacher certification, for use in carrying out activities assisted under this part.

(3) High-need local educational agency
The term high-need local educational agency means a local educational agency or educational service agency

(A)

(i) that serves not fewer than 10,000 children from low-income families;

(ii) for which not less than 20 percent of the children served by the agency are children from low-income families; or

(iii) with a total of less than 600 students in average daily attendance at the schools that are served by the agency and all of whose schools are designated with a school locale code of 41, 42, or 43, as determined by the Secretary; and

(B)

(i) for which there is a high percentage of teachers providing instruction in academic subject areas or grade levels for which the teachers are not highly qualified; or

(ii) for which there is a high teacher turnover rate or a high percentage of teachers with emergency, provisional, or temporary certification or licensure.

(4) Highly qualified
The term highly qualified has the meaning given such term in section 7801 of this title and, with respect to special education teachers, in section 1401 of this title.

(5) Partnership
The term partnership means a partnership that

(A) shall include

(i) an eligible recipient;

(ii)

(I)

(aa) a department within the eligible recipient that provides a program of study in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language; and

(bb) a school, department, or program of education within the eligible recipient, or a 2-year institution of higher education that has a teacher preparation offering or a dual enrollment program with the eligible recipient; or

(II) a department or school within the eligible recipient with a competency-based degree program (in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language) that includes teacher certification; and

(iii) not less than 1 high-need local educational agency and a school">public school or a consortium of public schools served by the agency; and

(B) may include a nonprofit">nonprofit organization that has a demonstrated record of providing expertise or support to meet the purposes of this part.

(6) Teaching skills
The term teaching skills means the ability to

(A) increase student achievement and learning and increase a students ability to apply knowledge;

(B) effectively convey and explain academic subject matter;

(i) are based on scientifically valid research;

(ii) are specific to academic subject matter; and

(iii) focus on the identification of students specific learning needs, particularly students with disabilities, students who are limited English proficient, students who are gifted and talented, and students with low literacy levels, and the tailoring of academic instruction to such needs;

(D) conduct ongoing assessment of student learning;

(E) effectively manage a classroom; and

(F) communicate and work with parents and guardians, and involve parents and guardians in their childrens education.

20 USC 9813 - Programs for baccalaureate degrees in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages, with concurrent teacher certification

(a) Program authorized
From the amounts made available to carry out this section under section 9816 (1) of this title and not reserved under section 9815 (d) of this title for a fiscal year, the Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible recipients to enable partnerships served by the eligible recipients to develop and implement programs to provide courses of study in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages that

(1) are integrated with teacher education; and

(2) lead to a baccalaureate degree in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language with concurrent teacher certification.

(b) Application
Each eligible recipient desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require. Each application shall

(1) describe the program for which assistance is sought;

(2) describe how a department of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language participating in the partnership will ensure significant collaboration with a teacher preparation program in the development of undergraduate degrees in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language, with concurrent teacher certification, including providing student teaching and other clinical classroom experiences or how a department or school participating in the partnership with a competency-based degree program has ensured, in the development of a baccalaureate degree program in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language, the provision of concurrent teacher certification, including providing student teaching and other clinical classroom experiences;

(3) describe the high-quality research, laboratory, or internship experiences, integrated with coursework, that will be provided under the program;

(4) describe how members of groups that are underrepresented in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages will be encouraged to participate in the program;

(5) describe how program participants will be encouraged to teach in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need, and the assistance in finding employment in such schools that will be provided;

(6) describe the ongoing activities and services that will be provided to graduates of the program;

(7) describe how the activities of the partnership will be coordinated with any activities funded through other Federal grants, and how the partnership will continue the activities assisted under the program when the grant period ends;

(8) describe how the partnership will assess the content knowledge and teaching skills of the program participants; and

(9) provide any other information the Secretary may reasonably require.

(c) Priority
Priority shall be given to applications whose primary focus is on placing participants in high-need local educational agencies.

(d) Authorized activities

(1) In general
Each eligible recipient receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to enable a partnership to develop and implement a program to provide courses of study in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language that

(A) are integrated with teacher education programs that promote effective teaching skills; and

(B) lead to a baccalaureate degree in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language with concurrent teacher certification.

(2) Program requirements
The program shall

(A) provide high-quality research, laboratory, or internship experiences for program participants;

(B) provide student teaching or other clinical classroom experiences that

(i) are integrated with coursework; and

(ii) lead to the participants ability to demonstrate effective teaching skills;

(C) if implementing a program in which program participants are prepared to teach science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language courses, include strategies for improving student literacy;

(D) encourage the participation of individuals who are members of groups that are underrepresented in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages;

(E) encourage participants to teach in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need, and actively assist the participants in finding employment in such schools;

(F) offer training in the use of and integration of educational technology;

(G) collect data regarding and evaluate, using measurable objectives and benchmarks, the extent to which the program succeeded in

(i) increasing the percentage of highly qualified mathematics, science, or critical foreign language teachers, including increasing the percentage of such teachers teaching in those schools determined by the partnership to be most in need;

(ii) improving student academic achievement in mathematics, science, and where applicable, technology and engineering;

(iii) increasing the number of students in secondary schools enrolled in upper level mathematics, science, and, where available, technology and engineering courses; and

(iv) increasing the numbers of elementary school and secondary school students enrolled in and continuing in critical foreign language courses;

(H) collect data on the employment placement and retention of all graduates of the program, including information on how many graduates are teaching and in what kinds of schools;

(I) provide ongoing activities and services to graduates of the program who teach elementary school or secondary school, by

(i) keeping the graduates informed of the latest developments in their respective academic fields; and

(ii) supporting the graduates of the program who are employed in schools in the local educational agency participating in the partnership during the initial years of teaching through

(I) induction programs;

(II) promotion of effective teaching skills; and

(III) providing opportunities for regular professional development; and

(J) develop recommendations to improve the school, department, or program of education participating in the partnership.

(e) Annual report
Each eligible recipient receiving a grant under this section shall collect and report to the Secretary annually such information as the Secretary may reasonably require, including

(1) the number of participants in the program;

(2) information on the academic majors of participating students;

(3) the race, gender, income, and disability status of program participants;

(4) the placement of program participants as teachers in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need;

(5) the extent to which the program succeeded in meeting the objectives and benchmarks described in subsection (d)(2)(G); and

(6) the data collected under subparagraphs (G) and (H) of subsection (d)(2).

(f) Technical assistance
From the funds made available under section 9816 (1) of this title, the Secretary may provide technical assistance to an eligible recipient developing a baccalaureate degree program with concurrent teacher certification, including technical assistance provided through a grant or contract awarded on a competitive basis to an institution of higher education or a technical assistance center.

(g) Compliance with FERPA
Any activity under this section shall be carried out in compliance with section 1232g of this title (commonly known as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974).

(h) Induction program defined
In this section, the term induction program means a formalized program for new teachers during not less than the teachers first 2 years of teaching that is designed to provide support for, and improve the professional performance and advance the retention in the teaching field of, beginning teachers. Such program shall promote effective teaching skills and shall include the following components:

(1) High-quality teacher mentoring.

(2) Periodic, structured time for collaboration with teachers in the same department or field, as well as time for information-sharing among teachers, principals, administrators, and participating faculty in the partner institution.

(3) The application of empirically based practice and scientifically valid research on instructional practices.

(4) Opportunities for new teachers to draw directly upon the expertise of teacher mentors, faculty, and researchers to support the integration of empirically based practice and scientifically valid research with practice.

(5) The development of skills in instructional and behavioral interventions derived from empirically based practice and, where applicable, scientifically valid research.

(6) Faculty who

(A) model the integration of research and practice in the classroom; and

(B) assist new teachers with the effective use and integration of technology in the classroom.

(7) Interdisciplinary collaboration among exemplary teachers, faculty, researchers, and other staff who prepare new teachers on the learning process and the assessment of learning.

(8) Assistance with the understanding of data, particularly student achievement data, and the datas applicability in classroom instruction.

(9) Regular evaluation of the new teacher.

20 USC 9814 - Programs for masters degrees in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language education

(a) Program authorized
From the amounts made available to carry out this section under section 9816 (2) of this title and not reserved under section 9815 (d) of this title for a fiscal year, the Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible recipients to enable the partnerships served by the eligible recipients to develop and implement

(1) 2- or 3-year part-time masters degree programs in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language education for teachers in order to enhance the teachers content knowledge and teaching skills; or

(2) programs for professionals in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language that lead to a 1-year masters degree in teaching that results in teacher certification.

(1) how a department of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language will ensure significant collaboration with a school, department, or program of education in the development of the masters degree programs authorized under subsection (a), or how a department or school with a competency-based degree program has ensured, in the development of a masters degree program, the provision of rigorous studies in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language that enhance the teachers content knowledge and teaching skills;

(2) the role of the local educational agency in the partnership in developing and administering the program and how feedback from the local educational agency, school, and participants will be used to improve the program;

(3) how the program will help increase the percentage of highly qualified mathematics, science, or critical foreign language teachers, including increasing the percentage of such teachers teaching in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need;

(4) how the program will

(A) improve student academic achievement in mathematics, science, and, where applicable, technology and engineering and increase the number of students taking upper-level courses in such subjects; or

(B) increase the numbers of elementary school and secondary school students enrolled and continuing in critical foreign language courses;

(5) how the program will prepare participants to become more effective science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language teachers;

(6) how the program will prepare participants to assume leadership roles in their schools;

(7) how teachers (or science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language professionals) who are members of groups that are underrepresented in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages and teachers from schools determined by the partnership to be most in need will be encouraged to apply for and participate in the program;

(8) the ongoing activities and services that will be provided to graduates of the program;

(9) how the partnership will continue the activities assisted under the grant when the grant period ends;

(10) how the partnership will assess, during the program, the content knowledge and teaching skills of the program participants; and

(11) methods to ensure applicants to the masters degree program for professionals in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language demonstrate advanced knowledge in the relevant subject.

(c) Authorized activities
Each eligible recipient receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to develop and implement a 2- or 3-year part-time masters degree program in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language education for teachers in order to enhance the teachers content knowledge and teaching skills, or programs for professionals in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language that lead to a 1-year masters degree in teaching that results in teacher certification. The program shall

(1) promote effective teaching skills so that program participants become more effective science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language teachers;

(2) prepare teachers to assume leadership roles in their schools by participating in activities such as teacher mentoring, development of curricula that integrate state of the art applications of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language into the classroom, working with school administrators in establishing in-service professional development of teachers, and assisting in evaluating data and assessments to improve student academic achievement;

(3) use high-quality research, laboratory, or internship experiences for program participants that are integrated with coursework;

(4) provide student teaching or clinical classroom experience;

(5) if implementing a program in which participants are prepared to teach science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language courses, provide strategies for improving student literacy;

(6) align the content knowledge in the masters degree program with challenging student academic achievement standards and challenging academic content standards established by the State in which the program is conducted;

(7) encourage the participation of

(A) individuals who are members of groups that are underrepresented in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign languages;

(B) members of the Armed Forces who are transitioning to civilian life; and

(8) offer tuition assistance, based on need, as appropriate;

(9) create opportunities for enhanced and ongoing professional development for teachers that improves the science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and critical foreign language content knowledge and teaching skills of such teachers; and

(10) evaluate and report on the impact of the program, in accordance with subsection (d).

(d) Evaluation and report
Each eligible recipient receiving a grant under this section shall evaluate, using measurable objectives and benchmarks, and provide an annual report to the Secretary regarding, the extent to which the program assisted under this section succeeded in the following:

(1) Increasing the number and percentage of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or critical foreign language teachers who have a masters degree and meet 1 or more of the following requirements:

(A) Are teaching in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need, and taught in such schools prior to participation in the program.

(B) Are teaching in schools determined by the partnership to be most in need, and did not teach in such schools prior to participation in the program.

(C) Are members of a group underrepresented in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language.

(2) Bringing professionals in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign language into the field of teaching.

(3) Retaining teachers who participate in the program.

20 USC 9815 - General provisions

(a) Duration of grants
The Secretary shall award each grant under this part for a period of not more than 5 years.

(b) Matching requirement
Each eligible recipient that receives a grant under this part shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount of the grant (which may be provided in cash or in kind) to carry out the activities supported by the grant.

(c) Supplement, not supplant
Grant funds provided under this part shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, other Federal or State funds.

(d) Evaluation
From amounts made available for any fiscal year under section 9816 of this title, the Secretary shall reserve such sums as may be necessary

(1) to provide for the conduct of an annual independent evaluation, by grant or by contract, of the activities assisted under this part, which shall include an assessment of the impact of the activities on student academic achievement; and

(2) to prepare and submit an annual report on the results of the evaluation described in paragraph (1) to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives.

20 USC 9816 - Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section^[1] $276,200,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years, of which

(1) $151,200,000 shall be available to carry out section 9813 of this title for fiscal year 2008 and each succeeding fiscal year; and

(2) $125,000,000 shall be available to carry out section 9814 of this title for fiscal year 2008 and each succeeding fiscal year.

[1] So in original. Probably should be “this part”.

Part B - Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate Programs

20 USC 9831 - Purpose

It is the purpose of this part

(1) to raise academic achievement through Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate programs by increasing, by 70,000, over a 4-year period beginning in 2008, the number of teachers serving high-need schools who are qualified to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages;

(2) to increase, to 700,000 per year, the number of students attending high-need schools who

(A) take and score a 3, 4, or 5 on an Advanced Placement examination in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language administered by the College Board; or

(B) achieve a passing score on an examination administered by the International Baccalaureate Organization in such a subject;

(3) to increase the availability of, and enrollment in, Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages, and pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate courses in such subjects, in high-need schools; and

(4) to support statewide efforts to increase the availability of, and enrollment in, Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages, and pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate courses in such subjects, in high-need schools.

20 USC 9832 - Definitions

In this part:

(1) Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate course
The term Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate course means

(A) a course of college-level instruction provided to secondary school students, terminating in an examination administered by the College Board or the International Baccalaureate Organization, or another such examination approved by the Secretary; or

(B) another highly rigorous, evidence-based, postsecondary preparatory program terminating in an examination administered by another nationally recognized educational organization that has a demonstrated record of effectiveness in assessing secondary school students, or another such examination approved by the Secretary.

(2) Eligible entity
The term eligible entity means

(A) a State educational agency;

(B) a local educational agency; or

(i) a national, regional, or statewide nonprofit">nonprofit organization, with expertise and experience in providing Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate services; and

(ii) a State educational agency or local educational agency.

(3) Low-income student
The term low-income student has the meaning given the term low-income individual in section 6537 (3) of this title.

(4) High concentration of low-income students
The term high concentration of low-income students has the meaning given the term in section 6537 (2) of this title.

(5) High-need local educational agency
The term high-need local educational agency means a local educational agency or educational service agency described in 9812(3)(A)^[1] of this title.

(6) High-need school
The term high-need school means a secondary school

(A) with a pervasive need for Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages, or for additional Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in such a subject; and

(B)

(i) with a high concentration of low-income students; or

(ii) designated with a school locale code of 41, 42, or 43, as determined by the Secretary.

[1] So in original. Probably should be preceded by “section”.

20 USC 9833 - Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate programs

(a) Program authorized
From the amounts appropriated under subsection (l), the Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to enable the eligible entities to carry out the authorized activities described in subsection (g).

(b) Duration of grants
The Secretary may award grants under this section for a period of not more than 5 years.

(c) Coordination
The Secretary shall coordinate the activities carried out under this section with the activities carried out under section 6535 of this title.

(d) Priority
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to eligible entities that are part of a statewide strategy for increasing

(1) the availability of Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages, and pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate courses in such subjects, in high-need schools; and

(2) the number of students who participate in Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign language in high-need schools, and take and score a 3, 4, or 5 on an Advanced Placement examination in such a subject, or pass an examination administered by the International Baccalaureate Organization in such a subject in such schools.

(e) Equitable distribution
The Secretary, to the extent practicable, shall

(1) ensure an equitable geographic distribution of grants under this section among the States; and

(2) promote an increase in participation in Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate mathematics, science, and critical foreign language courses and examinations in all States.

(f) Application

(1) In general
Each eligible entity desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.

(2) Contents
The application shall, at a minimum, include a description of

(A) the goals and objectives for the project, including

(i) increasing the number of teachers serving high-need schools who are qualified to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages;

(ii) increasing the number of qualified teachers serving high-need schools who are teaching Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages to students in the high-need schools;

(iii) increasing the number of Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages that are available to students attending high-need schools; and

(iv) increasing the number of students attending a high-need school, particularly low-income students, who enroll in and pass

(I) Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages; and

(II) pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate courses in such a subject (where provided in accordance with subparagraph (B));

(B) how the eligible entity will ensure that students have access to courses, including pre-Advanced Placement and pre-International Baccalaureate courses, that will prepare the students to enroll and succeed in Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages;

(D) how the eligible entity will ensure that teachers serving high-need schools are qualified to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages;

(E) how the eligible entity will provide for the involvement of business and community organizations and other entities, including institutions of higher education, in the activities to be assisted; and

(F) how the eligible entity will use funds received under this section, including how the eligible entity will evaluate the success of its project.

(g) Authorized activities

(1) In general
Each eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to carry out activities designed to increase

(A) the number of qualified teachers serving high-need schools who are teaching Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages; and

(B) the number of students attending high-need schools who enroll in, and pass, the examinations for such Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses.

(2) Permissive activities
The activities described in paragraph (1) may include

(A) teacher professional development, in order to expand the pool of teachers in the participating State, local educational agency, or high-need school who are qualified to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages;

(B) pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate course development and professional development;

(C) coordination and articulation between grade levels to prepare students to enroll and succeed in Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages;

(D) purchase of instructional materials;

(E) activities to increase the availability of, and participation in, online Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, and critical foreign languages;

(F) reimbursing low-income students attending high-need schools for part or all of the cost of Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate examination fees;

(G) carrying out subsection (j), relating to collecting and reporting data;

(H) in the case of a State educational agency that receives a grant under this section, awarding subgrants to local educational agencies to enable the local educational agencies to carry out authorized activities described in subparagraphs (A) through (G); and

(I) providing salary increments or bonuses to teachers serving high-need schools who

(i) become qualified to teach, and teach, Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language; or

(ii) increase the number of low-income students, who take Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate examinations in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language with the goal of successfully passing such examinations.

(h) Matching requirement

(1) In general
Subject to paragraph (2), each eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall provide, toward the cost of the activities assisted under the grant, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 200 percent of the amount of the grant, except that an eligible entity that is a high-need local educational agency shall provide an amount equal to not more than 100 percent of the amount of the grant.

(2) Waiver
The Secretary may waive all or part of the matching requirement described in paragraph (1) for any fiscal year for an eligible entity described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of section 9832 (2) of this title, if the Secretary determines that applying the matching requirement to such eligible entity would result in serious hardship or an inability to carry out the authorized activities described in subsection (g).

(i) Supplement not supplant
Grant funds provided under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, other Federal and non-Federal funds available to carry out the activities described in subsection (g).

(j) Collecting and reporting requirements

(1) Report
Each eligible entity receiving a grant under this section shall collect and report to the Secretary annually such data on the results of the grant as the Secretary may reasonably require, including data regarding

(A) the number of students enrolling in Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language, and pre-Advanced Placement or pre-International Baccalaureate courses in such a subject, by the grade the student is enrolled in, and the distribution of grades those students receive;

(B) the number of students taking Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate examinations in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language, and the distribution of scores on those examinations by the grade the student is enrolled in at the time of the examination;

(C) the number of teachers receiving training in teaching Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language who will be teaching such courses in the next school year;

(D) the number of teachers becoming qualified to teach Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or a critical foreign language; and

(E) the number of qualified teachers who are teaching Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in mathematics, science, or critical foreign languages to students in a high-need school.

(2) Reporting of data
Each eligible entity receiving a grant under this section shall report data required under paragraph (1)

(A) disaggregated by subject area;

(B) in the case of student data, disaggregated in the same manner as information is disaggregated under section 6311 (h)(1)(C)(i) of this title; and

(k) Evaluation and report
From the amount made available for any fiscal year under subsection (l), the Secretary shall reserve such sums as may be necessary

(1) to conduct an annual independent evaluation, by grant or by contract, of the program carried out under this section, which shall include an assessment of the impact of the program on student academic achievement; and

(l) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

Part C - Promising Practices in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Teaching

20 USC 9841 - Promising practices

(a) Purpose
The purpose of this section is to establish an expert panel to provide information on promising practices for strengthening teaching and learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics at the elementary school and secondary school levels. The panel shall build on prior Federal efforts, such as efforts by the National Mathematics Advisory Panel, and shall synthesize scientific evidence pertaining to the improvement of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teaching and learning.

(b) National panel on promising practices in K–12 STEM teaching and learning

(1) In general
The Secretary shall enter into a contract with the Center for Education of the National Academy of Sciences to establish and convene, not later than 1 year after August 9, 2007, an expert panel to

(A) identify promising practices for improving teaching and student achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in kindergarten through grade 12; and

(B) examine and synthesize the scientific evidence pertaining to the improvement of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teaching and learning.

(2) Composition of national panel
The National Academy of Sciences shall ensure that the panel established under paragraph (1) represents scientists, engineers, mathematicians, technologists, computer and information technology experts, educators, principals, researchers with expertise in teaching and learning (including experts in cognitive science), and others with relevant expertise. The National Academy of Sciences shall ensure that the panel includes the following:

(A) Representation of teachers and principals directly involved in teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in kindergarten through grade 12.

(B) Representation of teachers and principals from diverse demographic groups and geographic areas, including urban, suburban, and rural schools.

(3) Qualification of members
The members of the panel established under paragraph (1) shall be individuals who have expertise and experience relating to

(A) existing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education programs;

(B) developing and improving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics curricula content;

(C) improving the academic achievement of students who are below grade level in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields; and

(D) research on teaching or learning.

(1) promising practices in the effective teaching and learning of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics topics in kindergarten through grade 12;

(2) promising training and professional development techniques designed to help teachers increase their skills and expertise in improving student achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in kindergarten through grade 12;

(3) critical skills and skills progressions needed to enable students to acquire competence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and readiness for advanced secondary school and college level science, technology, engineering, and mathematics coursework;

(4) processes by which students with varying degrees of prior academic achievement and backgrounds learn effectively in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields; and

(5) areas in which existing data about promising practices in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education are insufficient.

(d) Report
The panel established under subsection (b) shall prepare a written report for the Secretary that presents the findings of the panel pursuant to this section and includes recommendations, based on the findings of the panel, to strengthen science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teaching and learning in kindergarten through grade 12.

(e) Dissemination
The Secretary shall disseminate the report under subsection (d) to the public, State educational agencies, and local educational agencies, and shall make the information in such report available, in an easy to understand format, on the website of the Department.

(f) Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics promising practices

(1) Reliability and measurement
The promising practices in the teaching of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in elementary schools and secondary schools collected under this section shall be

(A) reliable, valid, and grounded in scientifically valid research;

(B) inclusive of the critical skills and skill progressions needed for students to acquire competence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics;

(D) reviewed in the context of State academic assessments and student academic achievement standards.

(2) Students with diverse learning needs
In identifying promising practices under this section, the panel established under subsection (b) shall take into account the needs of students with diverse learning needs, particularly students with disabilities and students who are limited English proficient.

(g) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $1,200,000 for fiscal year 2008.

TITLE 20 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER II - MATHEMATICS

20 USC 9851 - Math Now for elementary school and middle school students program

(a) Purpose
The purpose of this section is to enable all students to reach or exceed grade-level academic achievement standards and to prepare the students to enroll in and pass algebra courses by

(1) improving instruction in mathematics for students in kindergarten through grade 9 through the implementation of mathematics programs and the support of comprehensive mathematics initiatives that are research-based and reflect a demonstrated record of effectiveness; and

(2) providing targeted help to low-income students who are struggling with mathematics and whose achievement is significantly below grade level.

(b) Definition of eligible local educational agency
In this section, the term eligible local educational agency means a high-need local educational agency (as defined in section 9812 (3) of this title) serving 1 or more schools

(1) with significant numbers or percentages of students whose mathematics skills are below grade level;

(2) that are not making adequate yearly progress in mathematics under section 6311 (b)(2) of this title; or

(3) in which students are receiving instruction in mathematics from teachers who do not have mathematical content knowledge or expertise in the teaching of mathematics.

(1) In general
From the amounts appropriated under subsection (k) for any fiscal year, the Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, for a period of 3 years, to State educational agencies to enable the State educational agencies to award grants to eligible local educational agencies to carry out the activities described in subsection (e) for students in any of the grades kindergarten through grade 9.

(2) Priority
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to applications for projects that will implement statewide strategies for improving mathematics instruction and raising the mathematics achievement of students, particularly students in grades 4 through 8.

(d) State uses of funds

(1) In general
Each State educational agency that receives a grant under this section for a fiscal year

(A) shall expend not more than a total of 10 percent of the grant funds to carry out the activities described in paragraph (2) or (3) for the fiscal year; and

(B) shall use not less than 90 percent of the grant funds to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible local educational agencies to enable the eligible local educational agencies to carry out the activities described in subsection (e) for the fiscal year.

(2) Mandatory uses of funds
A State educational agency shall use the grant funds made available under paragraph (1)(A) to carry out each of the following activities:

(A) Planning and administration
Planning and administration, including

(i) evaluating applications from eligible local educational agencies using peer review teams described in subsection (f)(1)(D);

(ii) administering the distribution of grants to eligible local educational agencies; and

(iii) assessing and evaluating, on a regular basis, eligible local educational agency activities assisted under this section, with respect to whether the activities have been effective in increasing the number of students

(I) making progress toward meeting grade-level mathematics achievement; and

(II) meeting or exceeding grade-level mathematics achievement.

(B) Reporting
Annually providing the Secretary with a report on the implementation of this section as described in subsection (i).

(3) Permissive uses of funds; technical assistance

(A) In general
A State educational agency may use the grant funds made available under paragraph (1)(A) for 1 or more of the following technical assistance activities that assist an eligible local educational agency, upon request by the eligible local educational agency, in accomplishing the tasks required to design and implement a project under this section, including assistance in

(i) implementing mathematics programs or comprehensive mathematics initiatives that are research-based and reflect a demonstrated record of effectiveness;

(ii) evaluating and selecting diagnostic and classroom based instructional mathematics assessments; and

(iii) identifying eligible professional development providers to conduct the professional development activities described in subsection (e)(1)(B).

(B) Guidance
The technical assistance described in subparagraph (A) shall be guided by researchers with expertise in the pedagogy of mathematics, mathematicians, and mathematics educators from high-risk, high-achievement schools and eligible local educational agencies.

(e) Local uses of funds

(1) Mandatory uses of funds
Each eligible local educational agency receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to carry out each of the following activities for students in any of the grades kindergarten through grade 9:

(A) To implement mathematics programs or comprehensive mathematics initiatives

(i) for students in the grades of a participating school as identified in the application submitted under subsection (f)(2)(B); and

(ii) that are research-based and reflect a demonstrated record of effectiveness.

(B) To provide professional development and instructional leadership activities for teachers and, if appropriate, for administrators and other school staff, on the implementation of comprehensive mathematics initiatives designed

(i) to improve the achievement of students performing significantly below grade level;

(ii) to improve the mathematical content knowledge of the teachers, administrators, and other school staff;

(iii) to increase the use of effective instructional practices; and

(iv) to monitor student progress.

(i) measure student progress and identify areas in which students need help in learning mathematics; and

(ii) reflect mathematics content that is consistent with State academic achievement standards in mathematics described in section 6311 (b) of this title.

(2) Permissive uses of funds
An eligible local educational agency may use grant funds under this section to

(A) adopt and use mathematics instructional materials and assessments;

(B) implement classroom-based assessments, including diagnostic or formative assessments;

(D) provide small groups with individualized instruction in mathematics;

(E) conduct activities designed to improve the content knowledge and expertise of teachers, such as the use of a mathematics coach, enrichment activities, and interdisciplinary methods of mathematics instruction; and

(F) collect and report performance data.

(f) Applications

(1) State educational agency
Each State educational agency desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require. Each application shall include

(A) an assurance that the core mathematics instructional program, supplemental instructional materials, and intervention programs used by the eligible local educational agencies for the project, are research-based and reflect a demonstrated record of effectiveness and are aligned with State academic achievement standards;

(B) an assurance that eligible local educational agencies will meet the requirements described in paragraph (2);

(D) a description of the qualifications of the peer review teams, which shall consist of

(i) researchers with expertise in the pedagogy of mathematics;

(ii) mathematicians; and

(iii) mathematics educators serving high-risk, high-achievement schools and eligible local educational agencies; and

(E) an assurance that the State has a process to safeguard against conflicts of interest consistent with subsection (j)(2) and section 9854 of this title for individuals providing technical assistance on behalf of the State educational agency or participating in the State peer review process under this subchapter.

(2) Eligible local educational agency
Each eligible local educational agency desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the State educational agency at such time and in such manner as the State educational agency may require. Each application shall include

(A) an assurance that the eligible local educational agency will provide assistance to 1 or more schools that are

(i) served by the eligible local educational agency; and

(ii) described in subsection (b);

(B) a description of the grades, and of the schools, that will be served;

(C) information, on an aggregate basis, on each school to be served by the project, including such demographic, socioeconomic, and mathematics achievement data as the State educational agency may request;

(D) a description of the core mathematics instructional program, supplemental instructional materials, and intervention programs or strategies that will be used for the project, including an assurance that the programs or strategies are research-based and reflect a demonstrated record of effectiveness and are aligned with State academic achievement standards;

(E) a description of the activities that will be carried out under the grant, including a description of the professional development that will be provided to teachers, and, if appropriate, administrators and other school staff, and a description of how the activities will support achievement of the purpose of this section;

(F) an assurance that the eligible local educational agency will report to the State educational agency all data on student academic achievement that is necessary for the State educational agencys report under subsection (i);

(G) a description of the eligible entitys plans for evaluating the impact of professional development and leadership activities in mathematics on the content knowledge and expertise of teachers, administrators, or other school staff; and

(H) any other information the State educational agency may reasonably require.

(g) Prohibitions

(1) In general
In implementing this section, the Secretary shall not

(A) endorse, approve, or sanction any mathematics curriculum designed for use in any school; or

(B) engage in oversight, technical assistance, or activities that will require the adoption of a specific mathematics program or instructional materials by a State, local educational agency, or school.

(2) Rule of construction
Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to authorize or permit the Department of Education, or a Department of Education contractor, to mandate, direct, control, or suggest the selection of a mathematics curriculum, supplemental instructional materials, or program of instruction by a State, local educational agency, or school.

(h) Matching requirements

(1) State educational agency
A State educational agency that receives a grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount of the grant, in cash or in kind, to carry out the activities supported by the grant, of which not more than 20 percent of such 50 percent may be provided by local educational agencies within the State.

(2) Waiver
The Secretary may waive all of or a portion of the matching requirement described in paragraph (1) for any fiscal year, if the Secretary determines that

(A) the application of the matching requirement will result in serious hardship for the State educational agency; or

(B) providing a waiver best serves the purpose of the program assisted under this section.

(i) Program performance and accountability

(1) Information
Each State educational agency receiving a grant under this section shall collect and report to the Secretary annually such information on the results of the grant as the Secretary may reasonably require, including information on

(A) mathematics achievement data that show the progress of students participating in projects under this section (including, to the extent practicable, comparable data from students not participating in such projects), based primarily on the results of State, school district wide, or classroom-based, assessments, including

(i) specific identification of those schools and eligible local educational agencies that report the largest gains in mathematics achievement; and

(ii) evidence on whether the State educational agency and eligible local educational agencies within the State have

(I) significantly increased the number of students achieving at grade level or above in mathematics;

(II) significantly increased the percentages of students described in section 6311 (b)(2)(C)(v)(II) of this title who are achieving at grade level or above in mathematics;

(III) significantly increased the number of students making significant progress toward meeting grade-level mathematics achievement standards; and

(IV) successfully implemented this section;

(B) the percentage of students in the schools served by the eligible local educational agency who enroll in algebra courses and the percentage of such students who pass algebra courses; and

(C) the progress made in increasing the quality and accessibility of professional development and leadership activities in mathematics, especially activities resulting in greater content knowledge and expertise of teachers, administrators, and other school staff, except that the Secretary shall not require such information until after the third year of a grant awarded under this section.

(2) Reporting and disaggregation
The information required under paragraph (1) shall be

(A) reported in a manner that allows for a comparison of aggregated score differentials of student academic achievement before (to the extent feasible) and after implementation of the project assisted under this section; and

(B) disaggregated in the same manner as information is disaggregated under section 6311 (h)(1)(C)(i) of this title.

(3) Privacy protection
The data in the report shall be reported in a manner that

(A) protects the privacy of individuals; and

(B) complies with the requirements of section 1232g of this title (commonly known as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974).

(j) Evaluation and technical assistance

(1) Evaluation

(A) In general
The Secretary shall conduct an annual independent evaluation, by grant or by contract, of the program assisted under this section, which shall include an assessment of the impact of the program on student academic achievement and teacher performance, and may use funds available to carry out this section to conduct the evaluation.

(B) Report
The Secretary shall annually submit, to the Committee on Education and Labor and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a report on the results of the evaluation.

(i) In general The Secretary shall ensure that the organization selected to carry out the independent evaluation under subparagraph (A) does not hold a contract or subcontract to implement any aspect of the program under this section.

(ii) Subcontractors Any contract entered into under subparagraph (A) shall prohibit the organization conducting the evaluation from subcontracting with any entity that holds a contract or subcontract for any aspect of the implementation of this section.

(iii) Waiver Subject to clause (iv), the Secretary may waive the application of clause (i) or (ii), or both, in accordance with the requirements under section 9.503 of title 48, Code of Federal Regulations, if the Secretary determines that their application in a particular situation would not be in the Federal Governments interest.

(iv) Special rule regarding waivers No organization or subcontractor under this paragraph shall receive a waiver that allows the organization or subcontractor to evaluate any aspect of the program under this section that the organization or subcontractor was involved in implementing.

(2) Technical assistance

(A) In general
The Secretary may use funds made available under paragraph (3) to provide technical assistance to prospective applicants and to eligible local educational agencies receiving a grant under this section.

(B) Conflicts of interest
If the Secretary carries out subparagraph (A) through any contracts, the Secretary, in consultation with the Office of the General Counsel of the Department, shall ensure that each contract requires the contractor to

(i) screen for conflicts of interest when hiring individuals to carry out the responsibilities under the contract;

(ii) include the requirement of clause (i) in any subcontracts the contractor enters into under the contract; and

(iii) establish and follow a schedule for carrying out clause (i) and subparagraph (C) and reporting to the Secretary on the contractors actions under those provisions.

(i) include, at a minimum, a review of

(I) each individual performing duties under the contract or subcontract for connections to any States program under this section;

(II) such individuals potential financial interests in, or other connection to, products, activities, or services that might be purchased by a State educational agency or local educational agency in the course of the agencys implementation of the program under this section; and

(III) such individuals connections to teaching methodologies that might require the use of specific products, activities, or services; and

(ii) ensure that individuals performing duties under the contract do not maintain significant financial interests in products, activities, or services supported under this section.

(D) Waiver

(i) In general The Secretary may, in consultation with the Office of the General Counsel of the Department, waive the requirements of subparagraph (C).

(ii) Report The Secretary shall

(I) establish criteria for the waivers under clause (i); and

(II) report any waivers under clause (i), and the criteria under which such waivers are allowed, to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate.

(E) Information dissemination

(i) In general If the Secretary enters into contracts to provide technical assistance under subparagraph (A), and if a contractor enters into subcontracts for that purpose, each such contract and subcontract shall require the provider of technical assistance to clearly separate technical assistance provided under the contract or subcontract from information provided, or activities engaged in, as part of the normal operations of the contractor or subcontractor.

(ii) Methods of compliance Efforts to comply with clause (i) may include the creation of separate webpages for the purpose of fulfilling a contract or subcontract entered into under subparagraph (A).

(3) Reservation of funds
The Secretary may reserve not more than 2.5 percent of funds appropriated under subsection (k) for a fiscal year to carry out this subsection.

(k) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

20 USC 9852 - Summer term education programs

(a) Purpose
The purpose of this section is to create opportunities for summer learning by providing students with access to summer learning in mathematics, technology, and problem-solving to ensure that students do not experience learning losses over the summer and to remedy, reinforce, and accelerate the learning of mathematics and problem-solving.

(b) Definitions
In this section:

(1) Eligible entity
The term eligible entity means an entity that

(A) desires to participate in a summer learning grant program under this section by providing summer learning opportunities described in subsection (d)(4)(A)(ii) to eligible students; and

(B) is

(i) a high-need local educational agency; or

(ii) a consortium consisting of a high-need local educational agency and 1 or more of the following entities:

(I) Another local educational agency.

(II) A community-based youth development organization with a demonstrated record of effectiveness in helping students learn.

(III) An institution of higher education.

(IV) An educational service agency.

(V) A for-profit educational provider, nonprofit">nonprofit organization, science center, museum, or summer enrichment camp, that has been approved by the State educational agency to provide the summer learning opportunity described in subsection (d)(4)(A)(ii).

(2) Eligible student
The term eligible student means a student who

(A) is eligible for a free lunch under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.); and

(B) is served by a local educational agency identified by the State educational agency in the application described in subsection (c)(2).

(3) High-need local educational agency
The term high-need local educational agency has the meaning given the term in section 9812 of this title.

(1) Program authorized

(A) In general
From the funds appropriated under subsection (f) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall carry out a demonstration grant program in which the Secretary awards grants, on a competitive basis, to State educational agencies to enable the State educational agencies to pay the Federal share of summer learning grants for eligible students.

(B) Number of grants
For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall award not more than 5 grants under this section.

(2) Application
A State educational agency that desires to receive a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require. Such application shall identify the areas in the State where the summer learning grant program will be offered and the local educational agencies that serve such areas.

(3) Award basis

(A) Special consideration
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give special consideration to a State educational agency that agrees, to the extent possible, to enter into agreements with eligible entities that are consortia described in subsection (b)(1)(B)(ii) and that proposes to target services to children in grades kindergarten through grade 8.

(B) Geographic distribution
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall take into consideration an equitable geographic distribution of the grants.

(d) Summer learning grants

(1) Use of grants for summer learning grants

(A) In general
Each State educational agency that receives a grant under subsection (c) for a fiscal year shall use the grant funds to provide summer learning grants for the fiscal year to eligible students in the State who desire to attend a summer learning opportunity offered by an eligible entity that enters into an agreement with the State educational agency under paragraph (4)(A).

(B) Amount; Federal and non-Federal shares

(i) Amount The amount of a summer learning grant provided under this section shall be

(I) for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011, $1,600; and

(II) for fiscal year 2012, $1,800.

(ii) Federal share The Federal share of each summer learning grant shall be not more than 50 percent of the amount of the summer learning grant determined under clause (i).

(iii) Non-Federal share The non-Federal share of each summer learning grant shall be not less than 50 percent of the amount of the summer learning grant determined under clause (i), and shall be provided from non-Federal sources.

(2) Designation of summer scholars
Eligible students who receive summer learning grants under this section shall be known as summer scholars.

(3) Selection of summer learning opportunity

(A) Dissemination of information
A State educational agency that receives a grant under subsection (c) shall disseminate information about summer learning opportunities and summer learning grants to the families of eligible students in the State.

(B) Application
The parents of an eligible student who are interested in having their child participate in a summer learning opportunity and receive a summer learning grant shall submit an application to the State educational agency that includes a ranked list of preferred summer learning opportunities.

(i) process such application;

(ii) determine whether the eligible student shall receive a summer learning grant;

(iii) coordinate the assignment of eligible students receiving summer learning grants with summer learning opportunities; and

(iv) if demand for a summer learning opportunity exceeds capacity, the State educational agency shall^[1] prioritize applications to low-achieving eligible students.

(D) Flexibility
A State educational agency may assign a summer scholar to a summer learning opportunity program that is offered in an area served by a local educational agency that is not the local educational agency serving the area where such scholar resides.

(E) Requirement of acceptance
An eligible entity shall accept, enroll, and provide the summer learning opportunity of such entity to, any summer scholar assigned to such summer learning opportunity by a State educational agency pursuant to this subsection.

(4) Agreement with eligible entity

(A) In general
A State educational agency shall enter into an agreement with one or more eligible entities offering a summer learning opportunity, under which

(i) the State educational agency shall agree to make payments to the eligible entity, in accordance with subparagraph (B), for a summer scholar; and

(ii) the eligible entity shall agree to provide the summer scholar with a summer learning opportunity that

(I) provides a total of not less than the equivalent of 30 full days of instruction (or not less than the equivalent of 25 full days of instruction, if the equivalent of an additional 5 days is devoted to field trips or other enrichment opportunities) to the summer scholar;

(II) employs small-group, research-based educational programs, materials, curricula, and practices;

(III) provides a curriculum that

(aa) emphasizes mathematics, technology, engineering, and problem-solving through experiential learning opportunities;

(bb) is primarily designed to increase the numeracy and problem-solving skills of the summer scholar; and

(cc) is aligned with State academic content standards and goals of the local educational agency serving the summer scholar;

(IV) measures student progress to determine the gains made by summer scholars in the summer learning opportunity, and disaggregates the results of such progress for summer scholars by race and ethnicity, economic status, limited English proficiency status, and disability status, in order to determine the opportunitys impact on each subgroup of summer scholars;

(V) collects daily attendance data on each summer scholar;

(VI) provides professional development opportunities for teachers to improve their practice in teaching numeracy, and in integrating problem-solving techniques into the curriculum; and

(VII) meets all applicable Federal, State, and local civil rights laws.

(B) Amount of payment

(i) In general Except as provided in clause (ii), a State educational agency shall make a payment to an eligible entity for a summer scholar in the amount determined under paragraph (1)(B)(i).

(ii) Adjustment In the case in which a summer scholar does not attend the full summer learning opportunity, the State educational agency shall reduce the amount provided to the eligible entity pursuant to clause (i) by a percentage that is equal to the percentage of the summer learning opportunity not attended by such scholar.

(5) Administrative costs
A State educational agency or eligible entity receiving funding under this section may use not more than 5 percent of such funding for administrative costs associated with carrying out this section.

(e) Evaluations; report; website

(1) Evaluation and assessment
For each year that an eligible entity enters into an agreement under subsection (d)(4), the eligible entity shall prepare and submit to the Secretary a report on the activities and outcomes of each summer learning opportunity that enrolled a summer scholar, including

(A) information on the design of the summer learning opportunity;

(B) the alignment of the summer learning opportunity with State standards; and

(C) data from assessments of student mathematics and problem-solving skills for the summer scholars and on the attendance of the scholars, disaggregated by the subgroups described in subsection (d)(4)(A)(ii)(IV).

(2) Report
For each year funds are appropriated under subsection (f) for this section, the Secretary shall prepare and submit a report to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives on the summer learning grant programs, including the effectiveness of the summer learning opportunities in improving student achievement and learning.

(3) Summer learning grants website
The Secretary shall make accessible, on the Department of Education website, information for parents and school personnel on successful programs and curricula, and best practices, for summer learning opportunities.

(f) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2008 and each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

[1] So in original. The words “the State educational agency shall” probably should not appear.

20 USC 9853 - Math skills for secondary school students

(a) Purposes
The purposes of this section are

(1) to provide assistance to State educational agencies and local educational agencies in implementing effective research-based mathematics programs for students in secondary schools, including students with disabilities and students with limited English proficiency;

(2) to improve instruction in mathematics for students in secondary school through the implementation of mathematics programs and the support of comprehensive mathematics initiatives that are based on the best available evidence of effectiveness;

(3) to provide targeted help to low-income students who are struggling with mathematics and whose achievement is significantly below grade level; and

(4) to provide in-service training for mathematics coaches who can assist secondary school teachers to utilize research-based mathematics instruction to develop and improve students mathematical abilities and knowledge, and assist teachers in assessing and improving student academic achievement.

(b) Definitions
In this section:

(1) Eligible local educational agency
The term eligible local educational agency means a local educational agency that is eligible to receive funds, and that is receiving funds, under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.).

(2) Mathematics coach
The term mathematics coach means a certified or licensed teacher, with a demonstrated effectiveness in teaching mathematics to students with specialized needs in mathematics and improving student academic achievement in mathematics, a command of mathematical content knowledge, and the ability to work with classroom teachers to improve the teachers instructional techniques to support mathematics improvement, who works on site at a school

(A) to train teachers to better assess student learning in mathematics;

(B) to train teachers to assess students mathematics skills and identify students who need remediation; and

(i) students in after-school and summer school programs;

(ii) students requiring additional instruction;

(iii) students with disabilities; and

(iv) students with limited English proficiency.

(1) In general
From funds appropriated under subsection (o) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall establish a program, in accordance with the requirements of this section, that will provide grants on a competitive basis to State educational agencies to award grants and subgrants to eligible local educational agencies for the purpose of establishing mathematics programs to improve the overall mathematics performance of secondary school students in the State.

(2) Length of grant
A grant to a State educational agency under this section shall be awarded for a period of 3 years.

(d) Reservation of funds by the Secretary
From amounts appropriated under subsection (o) for a fiscal year, the Secretary may reserve

(1) not more than 3 percent of such amounts to fund national activities in support of the programs assisted under this section, such as research and dissemination of best practices, except that the Secretary may not use the reserved funds to award grants directly to local educational agencies; and

(2) not more than 1/2 of 1 percent of such amounts for the Bureau of Indian Education of the Department of the Interior to carry out the services and activities described in subsection (k)(3) for Indian children.

(e) Grant formulas

(1) Competitive grants to State educational agencies
From amounts appropriated under subsection (o) and not reserved under subsection (d), the Secretary shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to State educational agencies to enable the State educational agencies to provide subgrants to eligible local educational agencies to establish mathematics programs for the purpose of improving overall mathematics performance among students in secondary school in the State.

(2) Minimum grant
The Secretary shall ensure that the minimum grant made to any State educational agency under this section shall be not less than $500,000.

(f) Applications
In order to receive a grant under this section, a State educational agency shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require. Each such application shall meet the following conditions:

(1) A State educational agency shall not include the application for assistance under this section in a consolidated application submitted under section 9302 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7842).

(2) The State educational agencys application shall include assurances that such application and any technical assistance provided by the State will be guided by a peer review team, which shall consist of

(A) researchers with expertise in the pedagogy of mathematics;

(B) mathematicians; and

(3) The State educational agency shall include an assurance that the State has a process to safeguard against conflicts of interest consistent with subsection (m)(2) and section 9854 of this title for individuals providing technical assistance on behalf of the State educational agency or participating in the State peer review process under this subchapter.

(4) The State educational agency will participate, if requested, in any evaluation of the State educational agencys program under this section.

(5) The State educational agencys application shall include a program plan that contains a description of the following:

(A) How the State educational agency will assist eligible local educational agencies in implementing subgrants, including providing ongoing professional development for mathematics coaches, teachers, paraprofessionals, and administrators.

(B) How the State educational agency will help eligible local educational agencies identify high-quality screening, diagnostic, and classroom-based instructional mathematics assessments.

(C) How the State educational agency will help eligible local educational agencies identify high-quality research-based mathematics materials and programs.

(D) How the State educational agency will help eligible local educational agencies identify appropriate and effective materials, programs, and assessments for students with disabilities and students with limited English proficiency.

(E) How the State educational agency will ensure that professional development funded under this section

(i) is based on mathematics research;

(ii) will effectively improve instructional practices for mathematics for secondary school students;

(iii) will improve student academic achievement in mathematics; and

(iv) is coordinated with professional development activities funded through other programs, including section 2113 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6613).

(F) How funded activities will help teachers and other instructional staff to implement research-based components of mathematics instruction and improve student academic achievement.

(G) The subgrant process the State educational agency will use to ensure that eligible local educational agencies receiving subgrants implement programs and practices based on mathematics research.

(H) How the State educational agency will build on and promote coordination among mathematics programs in the State to increase overall effectiveness in improving mathematics instruction and student academic achievement, including for students with disabilities and students with limited English proficiency.

(I) How the State educational agency will regularly assess and evaluate the effectiveness of the eligible local educational agency activities funded under this section.

(g) State use of funds
Each State educational agency receiving a grant under this section shall

(1) establish a peer review team comprised of researchers with expertise in the pedagogy of mathematics, mathematicians, and mathematics educators from high-risk, high-achievement schools, to provide guidance to eligible local educational agencies in selecting or developing and implementing appropriate, research-based mathematics programs for secondary school students;

(2) use 80 percent of the grant funds received under this section for a fiscal year to fund high-quality applications for subgrants to eligible local educational agencies having applications approved under subsection (k); and

(3) use 20 percent of the grant funds received under this section

(A) to carry out State-level activities described in the application submitted under subsection (f);

(B) to provide

(i) technical assistance to eligible local educational agencies; and

(ii) high-quality professional development to teachers and mathematics coaches in the State;

(C) to oversee and evaluate subgrant services and activities undertaken by the eligible local educational agencies as described in subsection (k)(3); and

(D) for administrative costs, of which not more than 5 percent of the grant funds may be used for planning, administration, and reporting.

(h) Notice to eligible local educational agencies
Each State educational agency receiving a grant under this section shall provide notice to all eligible local educational agencies in the State about the availability of subgrants under this section.

(i) Prohibitions

(1) In general
In implementing this section, the Secretary shall not

(A) endorse, approve, or sanction any mathematics curriculum designed for use in any school; or

(2) Rule of construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize or permit the Secretary, Department of Education, or a Department of Education contractor, to mandate, direct, control, or suggest the selection of a mathematics curriculum, supplemental instructional materials, or program of instruction by a State, local educational agency, or school.

(j) Supplement not supplant
Each State educational agency receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to supplement, not supplant, State funding for activities authorized under this section or for other educational activities.

(k) Subgrants to eligible local educational agencies

(1) Application

(A) In general
Each eligible local educational agency desiring a subgrant under this subsection shall submit an application to the State educational agency in the form and according to the schedule established by the State educational agency.

(B) Contents
In addition to any information required by the State educational agency, each application under subparagraph (A) shall demonstrate how the eligible local educational agency will carry out the following required activities:

(i) Development or selection and implementation of research-based mathematics assessments.

(ii) Development or selection and implementation of research-based mathematics programs, including programs for students with disabilities and students with limited English proficiency.

(iii) Selection of instructional materials based on mathematics research.

(iv) High-quality professional development for mathematics coaches and teachers based on mathematics research.

(v) Evaluation and assessment strategies.

(vi) Reporting.

(vii) Providing access to research-based mathematics materials.

(C) Consortia
Consistent with State law, an eligible local educational agency may apply to the State educational agency for a subgrant as a member of a consortium of local educational agencies if each member of the consortium is an eligible local educational agency.

(2) Award basis

(A) Priority
A State educational agency awarding subgrants under this subsection shall give priority to eligible local educational agencies that

(i) are among the local educational agencies in the State with the lowest graduation rates, as described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(vi) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 (b)(2)(C)(vi)); and

(ii) have the highest number or percentage of students who are counted under section 1124(c) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6333 (c)).

(B) Amount of grants
Subgrants under this subsection shall be of sufficient size and scope to enable eligible local educational agencies to fully implement activities assisted under this subsection.

(3) Local use of funds
Each eligible local educational agency receiving a subgrant under this subsection shall use the subgrant funds to carry out, at the secondary school level, the following services and activities:

(A) Hiring mathematics coaches and providing professional development for mathematics coaches

(i) at a level to provide effective coaching to classroom teachers;

(ii) to work with classroom teachers to better assess student academic achievement in mathematics;

(iii) to work with classroom teachers to identify students with mathematics problems and, where appropriate, refer students to available programs for remediation and additional services;

(iv) to work with classroom teachers to diagnose and remediate mathematics difficulties of the lowest-performing students, so that those teachers can provide intensive, research-based instruction, including during after-school and summer sessions, geared toward ensuring that those students can access and be successful in rigorous academic coursework; and

(v) to assess and organize student data on mathematics and communicate that data to school administrators to inform school reform efforts.

(B) Reviewing, analyzing, developing, and, where possible, adapting curricula to make sure mathematics skills are taught within other core academic subjects.

(C) Providing mathematics professional development for all relevant teachers in secondary school, as necessary, that addresses both remedial and higher level mathematics skills for students in the applicable curriculum.

(D) Providing professional development for teachers, administrators, and paraprofessionals serving secondary schools to help the teachers, administrators, and paraprofessionals improve student academic achievement in mathematics.

(E) Procuring and implementing programs and instructional materials based on mathematics research, including software and other education technology related to mathematics instruction with demonstrated effectiveness in improving mathematics instruction and student academic achievement.

(F) Building on and promoting coordination among mathematics programs in the eligible local educational agency to increase overall effectiveness in

(i) improving mathematics instruction; and

(ii) increasing student academic achievement, including for students with disabilities and students with limited English proficiency.

(G) Evaluating the effectiveness of the instructional strategies, teacher professional development programs, and other interventions that are implemented under the subgrant.

(H) Measuring improvement in student academic achievement, including through progress monitoring or other assessments.

(4) Supplement not supplant
Each eligible local educational agency receiving a subgrant under this subsection shall use the subgrant funds to supplement, not supplant, the eligible local educational agencys funding for activities authorized under this section or for other educational activities.

(5) New services and activities
Subgrant funds provided under this subsection may be used only to provide services and activities authorized under this section that were not provided on the day before August 9, 2007.

(6) Evaluations
Each eligible local educational agency receiving a grant under this subsection shall participate, as requested by the State educational agency or the Secretary, in reviews and evaluations of the programs of the eligible local educational agency and the effectiveness of such programs, and shall provide such reports as are requested by the State educational agency and the Secretary.

(l) Matching requirements

(1) State educational agency requirements
A State educational agency that receives a grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount of the grant, in cash or in-kind, to carry out the activities supported by the grant, of which not more than 20 percent of such 50 percent may be provided by local educational agencies within the State.

(2) Waiver
The Secretary may waive all or a portion of the matching requirements described in paragraph (1) for any fiscal year, if the Secretary determines that

(A) the application of the matching requirement will result in serious hardship for the State educational agency; or

(B) providing a waiver best serves the purpose of the program assisted under this section.

(m) Evaluation and technical assistance

(1) Evaluation

(B) Report
The Secretary shall annually submit to the Committee on Education and Labor and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a report on the results of the evaluation.

(2) Technical assistance

(A) In general
The Secretary may use funds made available under paragraph (3) to provide technical assistance to prospective applicants and to State educational agencies and eligible local educational agencies receiving grants or subgrants under this section.

(i) screen for conflicts of interest when hiring individuals to carry out the responsibilities under the contract;

(ii) include the requirement of clause (i) in any subcontracts the contractor enters into under the contract; and

(iii) establish and follow a schedule for carrying out clause (i) and subparagraph (C) and reporting to the Secretary on the contractors actions under those provisions.

(i) include, at a minimum, a review of

(I) each individual performing duties under the contract or subcontract for connections to any States program under this section;

(III) such individuals connections to teaching methodologies that might require the use of specific products, activities, or services; and

(ii) ensure that individuals performing duties under the contract do not maintain significant financial interests in products, activities, or services supported under this section.

(D) Waiver

(i) In general The Secretary may, in consultation with the Office of the General Counsel of the Department, waive the requirements of subparagraph (C).

(ii) Report The Secretary shall

(I) establish criteria for the waivers under clause (i); and

(E) Information dissemination

(ii) Methods of compliance Efforts to comply with clause (i) may include the creation of separate webpages for the purpose of fulfilling a contract or subcontract entered into under subparagraph (A).

(3) Reservation of funds
The Secretary may reserve not more than 2.5 percent of funds appropriated under subsection (o) for a fiscal year to carry out this subsection.

(n) Program performance and accountability

(i) specific identification of those schools and eligible local educational agencies that report the largest gains in mathematics achievement; and

(ii) evidence on whether the State educational agency and eligible local educational agencies within the State have

(I) significantly increased the number of students achieving at the proficient or advanced level on the State student academic achievement standards in mathematics under section 1111(b)(1)(D)(ii) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 (b)(1)(D)(ii));

(II) significantly increased the percentages of students described in section 1111(b)(2)(C)(v)(II) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 (b)(2)(C)(v)(II)) who are achieving proficiency or advanced levels on such State academic content standards in mathematics;

(III) significantly increased the number of students making significant progress toward meeting such State academic content and achievement standards in mathematics; and

(IV) successfully implemented this section;

(B) the percentage of students in the schools served by the eligible local educational agency who enroll in advanced mathematics courses in grades 9 through 12, including the percentage of such students who pass such courses; and

(2) Reporting and disaggregation
The information required under paragraph (1) shall be

(B) disaggregated in the same manner as information is disaggregated under section 1111(h)(1)(C)(i) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 (h)(1)(C)(i)).

(o) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

20 USC 9854 - Peer review of State applications

(a) Peer review of State applications
The Secretary shall establish peer review panels to review State educational agency applications submitted pursuant to sections 9851 and 9853 of this title and shall consider the recommendation of the peer review panels in deciding whether to approve the applications.

(b) Screening

(1) In general
The Secretary shall establish a process through which individuals on the peer review panels who review State applications under sections 9851 and 9853 of this title (referred to in this section as reviewers) are screened for potential conflicts of interest.

(2) Screening requirements
The screening process described in paragraph (1) shall, subject to paragraph (3)

(A) be reviewed and approved by the Office of the General Counsel of the Department;

(B) include, at a minimum, a review of each reviewers

(i) professional connection to any States program under such sections, including a disclosure of any connection to publishers, entities, private individuals, or organizations related to such States program;

(ii) potential financial interest in products, activities, or services that might be purchased by a State educational agency or local educational agency in the course of the agencys implementation of the programs under such sections; and

(iii) professional connections to teaching methodologies that might require the use of specific products, activities, or services; and

(C) ensure that reviewers do not maintain significant financial interests in products, activities, or services supported under such sections.

(3) Waiver

(A) In general
The Secretary may, in consultation with the Office of the General Counsel of the Department, waive the requirements of paragraph (2)(C).

(B) Report of waivers
The Secretary shall

(i) establish criteria for the waivers permitted under subparagraph (A); and

(ii) report any waivers allowed under subparagraph (A), and the criteria under which such waivers are allowed, to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate.

(1) In general
The Secretary shall develop procedures for, and issue guidance regarding, how reviewers will review applications submitted under sections 9851 and 9853 of this title and provide feedback to State educational agencies and recommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary shall also develop guidance for how the Secretary will review those recommendations and make final determinations of approval or disapproval of those applications.

(2) Requirements
Such procedures shall, at a minimum

(A) create a transparent process through which review panels provide clear, consistent, and publicly available documentation and explanations in support of all recommendations, including the final reviews of the individual reviewers, except that a final review shall not reveal any personally identifiable information about the reviewer;

(B) ensure that a State educational agency has the opportunity for direct interaction with any review panel that reviewed the agencys application under section 9851 or 9853 of this title when revising that application as a result of feedback from the panel, including the disclosure of the identities of the reviewers;

(C) require that any review panel and the Secretary clearly and consistently document that all required elements of an application under section 9851 or 9853 of this title are included before the application is approved; and

(D) create a transparent process through which the Secretary clearly, consistently, and publicly documents decisions to approve or disapprove applications under such sections and the reasons for those decisions.

TITLE 20 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER III - FOREIGN LANGUAGE PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM

20 USC 9861 - Findings and purpose

(a) Findings
Congress makes the following findings:

(1) The United States faces a shortage of skilled professionals with higher levels of proficiency in foreign languages and area knowledge critical to the Nations security.

(2) Given the Nations economic competitiveness interests, it is crucial that our Nation expand the number of Americans who are able to function effectively in the environments in which critical foreign languages are spoken.

(3) Students ability to become proficient in foreign languages can be addressed by starting language learning at a younger age and expanding opportunities for continuous foreign language education from elementary school through postsecondary education.

(b) Purpose
The purpose of this subchapter is to significantly increase

(1) the opportunities to study critical foreign languages and the context in which the critical foreign languages are spoken; and

(2) the number of American students who achieve the highest level of proficiency in critical foreign languages.

20 USC 9862 - Definitions

In this subchapter:

(1) Eligible recipient
The term eligible recipient means an entity mutually agreed upon by a partnership that shall receive grant funds under this subchapter on behalf of the partnership for use in carrying out the activities assisted under this subchapter.

(2) Partnership
The term partnership means a partnership that

(A) shall include

(i) an institution of higher education; and

(ii) 1 or more local educational agencies; and

(B) may include 1 or more entities that support the purposes of this subchapter.

(3) Superior level of proficiency
The term superior level of proficiency means level 3, the professional working level, as measured by the Federal Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) or by other generally recognized measures of superior standards.

20 USC 9863 - Program authorized

(a) Program authorized

(1) In general
The Secretary is authorized to award grants to eligible recipients to enable partnerships served by the eligible recipients to establish articulated programs of study in critical foreign languages that will enable students to advance successfully from elementary school through postsecondary education and achieve higher levels of proficiency in a critical foreign language.

(2) Duration
A grant awarded under paragraph (1) shall be for a period of not more than 5 years, of which 2 years may be for planning and development. A grant may be renewed for not more than 2 additional 5-year periods, if the Secretary determines that the partnerships program is effective and the renewal will best serve the purposes of this subchapter.

(b) Applications

(1) In general
Each eligible recipient desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.

(2) Contents
Each application shall

(A) identify each local educational agency partner, including contact information and letters of commitment, and describe the responsibilities of each member of the partnership, including

(i) how each of the partners will be involved in planning, developing, and implementing

(I) program curriculum and materials; and

(II) teacher professional development;

(ii) what resources each of the partners will provide; and

(iii) how the partners will contribute to ensuring the continuity of student progress from elementary school through the postsecondary level;

(B) describe how an articulated curriculum for students will be developed and implemented, which may include the use and integration of technology into such curriculum;

(C) identify target proficiency levels for students at critical benchmarks (such as grades 4, 8, and 12), and describe how progress toward those proficiency levels will be assessed at the benchmarks, and how the program will use the results of the assessments to ensure continuous progress toward achieving a superior level of proficiency at the postsecondary level;

(D) describe how the partnership will

(i) ensure that students from a program assisted under this subchapter who are beginning postsecondary education will be assessed and enabled to progress to a superior level of proficiency;

(ii) address the needs of students already at, or near, the superior level of proficiency, which may include diagnostic assessments for placement purposes, customized and individualized language learning opportunities, and experimental and interdisciplinary language learning; and

(iii) identify and describe how the partnership will work with institutions of higher education outside the partnership to provide participating students with multiple options for postsecondary education consistent with the purposes of this subchapter;

(E) describe how the partnership will support and continue the program after the grant has expired, including how the partnership will seek support from other sources, such as State and local governments, foundations, and the private sector; and

(F) describe what assessments will be used or, if assessments not^[1] available, how assessments will be developed.

(1) shall be used to plan, develop, and implement programs at the elementary school level through postsecondary education, consistent with the purpose of this subchapter, including

(A) the development of curriculum and instructional materials; and

(B) recruitment of students; and

(2) may be used for

(A) teacher recruitment (including recruitment from other professions and recruitment of native-language speakers in the community) and professional development directly related to the purposes of this subchapter at the elementary school through secondary school levels;

(B) development of appropriate assessments;

(C) opportunities for maximum language exposure for students in the program, such as the creation of immersion environments (such as language houses, language tables, immersion classrooms, and weekend and summer experiences) and special tutoring and academic support;

(D) dual language immersion programs;

(E) scholarships and study-abroad opportunities, related to the program, for postsecondary students and newly recruited teachers who have advanced levels of proficiency in a critical foreign language, except that not more than 20 percent of the grant funds provided to an eligible recipient under this section for a fiscal year may be used to carry out this subparagraph;

(F) activities to encourage community involvement to assist in meeting the purposes of this subchapter;

(G) summer institutes for students and teachers;

(H) bridge programs that allow dual enrollment for secondary school students in institutions of higher education;

(I) programs that expand the understanding and knowledge of historic, geographic, and contextual factors within countries with populations who speak critical foreign languages, if such programs are carried out in conjunction with language instruction;

(J) research on, and evaluation of, the teaching of critical foreign languages;

(K) data collection and analysis regarding the results of

(i) various student recruitment strategies;

(ii) program design; and

(iii) curricular approaches;

(L) the impact of the strategies, program design, and curricular approaches described in subparagraph (K) on increasing

(i) the number of students studying critical foreign languages; and

(ii) the proficiency of the students in the critical foreign languages; and

(M) distance learning projects for critical foreign language learning.

(d) Matching requirement

(1) In general
An eligible recipient that receives a grant under this subchapter shall provide, toward the cost of carrying out the activities supported by the grant, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to

(A) 20 percent of the amount of the grant payment for the first fiscal year for which a grant payment is made;

(B) 30 percent of the amount of the grant payment for the second such fiscal year;

(D) 50 percent of the amount of the grant payment for each of the fourth and fifth such fiscal years.

(2) Non-Federal share
The non-Federal share required under paragraph (1) may be provided in cash or in-kind.

(3) Waiver
The Secretary may waive all or part of the matching requirement of paragraph (1), for any fiscal year, if the Secretary determines that

(A) the application of the matching requirement will result in serious hardship for the partnership; or

(B) the waiver will best serve the purposes of this subchapter.

(e) Supplement not supplant
Grant funds provided under this subchapter shall be used to supplement, not supplant, other Federal and non-Federal funds available to carry out the activities described in subsection (c).

(f) Technical assistance
The Secretary shall enter into a contract to establish a technical assistance center to provide technical assistance to partnerships developing critical foreign language programs assisted under this subchapter. The center shall

(1) assist the partnerships in the development of critical foreign language instructional materials and assessments; and

(2) disseminate promising foreign language instructional practices.

(g) Program evaluation

(1) In general
The Secretary may reserve not more than 5 percent of the total amount appropriated for this subchapter for any fiscal year to annually evaluate the programs under this subchapter.

(2) Report
The Secretary shall prepare and annually submit, to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives, a report

(A) on the results of any program evaluation conducted under this subsection; and

(B) that includes best practices on the teaching and learning of foreign languages based on the findings from the evaluation.

[1] So in original. Probably should be preceded by “are”.

20 USC 9864 - Authorization of appropriations

For the purpose of carrying out this subchapter, there are authorized to be appropriated $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

TITLE 20 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER IV - ALIGNMENT OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS

20 USC 9871 - Alignment of secondary school graduation requirements with the demands of 21st century postsecondary endeavors and support for P16 education data systems

(a) Purpose
It is the purpose of this section

(1) to promote more accountability with respect to preparation for higher education, the 21st century workforce, and the Armed Forces, by aligning

(A) student knowledge, student skills, State academic content standards and assessments, and curricula, in elementary and secondary education, especially with respect to mathematics, science, reading, and, where applicable, engineering and technology; with

(B) the demands of higher education, the 21st century workforce, and the Armed Forces;

(2) to support the establishment or improvement of statewide P16 education data systems that

(A) assist States in improving the rigor and quality of State academic content standards and assessments;

(B) ensure students are prepared to succeed in

(i) academic credit-bearing coursework in higher education without the need for remediation;

(ii) the 21st century workforce; or

(iii) the Armed Forces; and

(3) enable^[1] States to have valid and reliable information to inform education policy and practice.

(b) Definitions
In this section:

(1) P–16 education
The term P16 education means the educational system from preschool through the conferring of a baccalaureate degree.

(2) Statewide partnership
The term statewide partnership means a partnership that

(A) shall include

(i) the Governor of the State or the designee of the Governor;

(ii) the heads of the State systems for public higher education, or, if such a position does not exist, not less than 1 representative of a public degree-granting institution of higher education;

(iii) a representative of the agencies in the State that administer Federal or State-funded early childhood education programs;

(iv) not less than 1 representative of a public community college;

(v) not less than 1 representative of a technical school;

(vi) not less than 1 representative of a public secondary school;

(vii) the chief State school officer;

(viii) the chief executive officer of the State higher education coordinating board;

(ix) not less than 1 public elementary school teacher employed in the State;

(x) not less than 1 early childhood educator in the State;

(xi) not less than 1 public secondary school teacher employed in the State;

(xii) not less than 1 representative of the business community in the State; and

(xiii) not less than 1 member of the Armed Forces; and

(B) may include other individuals or representatives of other organizations, such as a school administrator, a faculty member at an institution of higher education, a member of a civic or community organization, a representative from a private institution of higher education, a dean or similar representative of a school of education at an institution of higher education or a similar teacher certification or licensure program, or the State official responsible for economic development.

(c) Grants authorized
The Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to States to enable each such State to work with a statewide partnership

(1) to promote better alignment of content knowledge requirements for secondary school graduation with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in postsecondary education, the 21st century workforce, or the Armed Forces; or

(2) to establish or improve a statewide P16 education data system.

(d) Period of grants; non-renewability

(1) Grant period
The Secretary shall award a grant under this section for a period of not more than 3 years.

(2) Non-renewability
The Secretary shall not award a State more than 1 grant under this section.

(e) Authorized activities

(1) Grants for P–16 alignment
Each State receiving a grant under subsection (c)(1)

(A) shall use the grant funds for

(i) identifying and describing the content knowledge and skills students who enter institutions of higher education, the workforce, and the Armed Forces need to have in order to succeed without any remediation based on detailed requirements obtained from institutions of higher education, employers, and the Armed Forces;

(ii) identifying and making changes that need to be made to a States secondary school graduation requirements, academic content standards, academic achievement standards, and assessments preceding graduation from secondary school in order to align the requirements, standards, and assessments with the knowledge and skills necessary for success in academic credit-bearing coursework in postsecondary education, in the 21st century workforce, and in the Armed Forces without the need for remediation;

(iii) convening stakeholders within the State and creating a forum for identifying and deliberating on education issues that

(I) involve preschool through grade 12 education, postsecondary education, the 21st century workforce, and the Armed Forces; and

(II) transcend any single system of educations ability to address; and

(iv) implementing activities designed to ensure the enrollment of all elementary school and secondary school students in rigorous coursework, which may include

(I) specifying the courses and performance levels necessary for acceptance into institutions of higher education; and

(II) developing or providing guidance to local educational agencies within the State on the adoption of curricula and assessments aligned with State academic content standards, which assessments may be used as measures of student academic achievement in secondary school as well as for entrance or placement at institutions of higher education, including through collaboration with institutions of higher education in, or State educational agencies serving, other States; and

(B) may use the grant funds for

(i) developing and making available specific opportunities for extensive professional development for teachers, paraprofessionals, principals, and school administrators, including collection and dissemination of effective teaching practices to improve instruction and instructional support mechanisms;

(ii) identifying changes in State academic content standards, academic achievement standards, and assessments for students in grades preceding secondary school in order to ensure such standards and assessments are appropriately aligned and adequately reflect the content needed to prepare students to enter secondary school;

(iii) developing a plan to provide remediation and additional learning opportunities for students who are performing below grade level to ensure that all students will have the opportunity to meet secondary school graduation requirements;

(iv) identifying and addressing teacher certification needs; or

(v) incorporating 21st century learning skills into the State plan, which skills shall include critical thinking, problem solving, communication, collaboration, global awareness, and business and financial literacy.

(2) Grants for statewide P–16 education data systems

(A) Establishment of system
Each State that receives a grant under subsection (c)(2) shall establish a statewide P16 education longitudinal data system that

(i) provides each student, upon enrollment in a public elementary school or secondary school in the State, with a unique identifier, such as a bar code, that

(I) does not permit a student to be individually identified by users of the system; and

(II) is retained throughout the students enrollment in P16 education in the State; and

(ii) meets the requirements of subparagraphs (B) through (E).

(B) Improvement of existing system
Each State that receives a grant under subsection (c)(2) for the improvement of a statewide P16 education data system may employ, coordinate, or revise an existing statewide data system to establish a statewide longitudinal P16 education data system that meets the requirements of subparagraph (A), if the statewide longitudinal P16 education data system produces valid and reliable data.

(i) In general Each State that receives a grant under subsection (c)(2) shall implement measures to

(I) ensure that the statewide P16 education data system meets the requirements of section 1232g of this title (commonly known as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974);

(II) limit the use of information in the statewide P16 education data system by institutions of higher education and State or local educational agencies or institutions to the activities set forth in paragraph (1) or State law regarding education, consistent with the purposes of this subchapter;

(III) prohibit the disclosure of personally identifiable information except as permitted under section 1232g of this title and any additional limitations set forth in State law;

(IV) keep an accurate accounting of the date, nature, and purpose of each disclosure of personally identifiable information in the statewide P16 education data system, a description of the information disclosed, and the name and address of the person, agency, institution, or entity to whom the disclosure is made, which accounting shall be made available on request to parents of any student whose information has been disclosed;

(V) notwithstanding section 1232g of this title, require any non-governmental party obtaining personally identifiable information to sign a data use agreement prior to disclosure that

(aa) prohibits the party from further disclosing the information;

(bb) prohibits the party from using the information for any purpose other than the purpose specified in the agreement; and

(cc) requires the party to destroy the information when the purpose for which the disclosure was made is accomplished;

(VI) maintain adequate security measures to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the statewide P16 education data system, such as protecting a student record from identification by a unique identifier;

(VII) where rights are provided to parents under this clause, provide those rights to the student instead of the parent if the student has reached the age of 18 or is enrolled in a postsecondary educational institution; and

(VIII) ensure adequate enforcement of the requirements of this clause.

(ii) Use of unique identifiers

(I) Governmental use of unique identifiers It shall be unlawful for any Federal, State, or local governmental agency to use the unique identifiers employed in the statewide P16 education data systems for any purpose other than as authorized by Federal or State law regarding education, or to deny any individual any right, benefit, or privilege provided by law because of such individuals refusal to disclose the individuals unique identifier.

(II) Regulations Not later than 180 days after August 9, 2007, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations governing the use by governmental and non-governmental entities of the unique identifiers employed in statewide P16 education data systems, including, where necessary, regulations requiring States desiring grants for statewide P16 education data systems under this section to implement specified measures, with the goal of safeguarding individual privacy to the maximum extent practicable consistent with the uses of the information authorized in this Act or other Federal or State law regarding education.

(D) Required elements of a statewide P–16 education data system
The State shall ensure that the statewide P16 education data system includes the following elements:

(i) Preschool through grade 12 education and postsecondary education With respect to preschool through grade 12 education and postsecondary education

(I) a unique statewide student identifier that does not permit a student to be individually identified by users of the system;

(II) student-level enrollment, demographic, and program participation information;

(III) student-level information about the points at which students exit, transfer in, transfer out, drop out, or complete P16 education programs;

(IV) the capacity to communicate with higher education data systems; and

(V) a State data audit system assessing data quality, validity, and reliability.

(ii) Preschool through grade 12 education With respect to preschool through grade 12 education

(I) yearly test records of individual students with respect to assessments under section 6311 (b) of this title;

(II) information on students not tested by grade and subject;

(III) a teacher identifier system with the ability to match teachers to students;

(IV) student-level transcript information, including information on courses completed and grades earned; and

(V) student-level college readiness test scores.

(iii) Postsecondary education With respect to postsecondary education, data that provide

(I) information regarding the extent to which students transition successfully from secondary school to postsecondary education, including whether students enroll in remedial coursework; and

(II) other information determined necessary to address alignment and adequate preparation for success in postsecondary education.

(E) Functions of the statewide P–16 education data system
In implementing the statewide P16 education data system, the State shall

(i) identify factors that correlate to students ability to successfully engage in and complete postsecondary-level general education coursework without the need for prior developmental coursework;

(ii) identify factors to increase the percentage of low-income and minority students who are academically prepared to enter and successfully complete postsecondary-level general education coursework; and

(iii) use the data in the system to otherwise inform education policy and practice in order to better align State academic content standards, and curricula, with the demands of postsecondary education, the 21st century workforce, and the Armed Forces.

(f) Application

(1) In general
Each State desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.

(2) Application contents
Each application submitted under this section shall specify whether the State application is for the conduct of P16 education alignment activities, or the establishment or improvement of a statewide P16 education data system. The application shall include, at a minimum, the following:

(A) A description of the activities and programs to be carried out with the grant funds and a comprehensive plan for carrying out the activities.

(B) A description of how the concerns and interests of the larger education community, including parents, students, teachers, teacher educators, principals, and preschool administrators^[2] will be represented in carrying out the authorized activities described in subsection (e).

(C) In the case of a State applying for funding for P16 education alignment, a description of how the State will provide assistance to local educational agencies in implementing rigorous State academic content standards, substantive curricula, remediation, and acceleration opportunities for students, as well as other changes determined necessary by the State.

(D) In the case of a State applying for funding to establish or improve a statewide P16 education data system

(i) a description of the privacy protection and enforcement measures that the State has implemented or will implement pursuant to subsection (e)(2)(C), and assurances that these measures will be in place prior to the establishment or improvement of the statewide P16 education data system; and

(ii) an assurance that the State will continue to fund the statewide P16 education data system after the end of the grant period.

(g) Supplement not supplant
Grant funds provided under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, other Federal, State, and local funds available to carry out the authorized activities described in subsection (e).

(h) Matching requirement
Each State that receives a grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 100 percent of the amount of the grant, in cash or in kind, to carry out the activities supported by the grant.

(i) Rule of construction

(1) No raw data requirement
Nothing in this section shall be construed to require States to provide raw data to the Secretary.

(2) Private or home schools
Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect any private school that does not receive funds or services under this Act or any home school, whether or not the home school is treated as a home school or a private school under State law, including imposing new requirements for students educated through a home school seeking admission to institutions of higher education.

(j) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2009.

[1] So in original. Probably should be “to enable”.
[2] So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.

TITLE 20 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER V - MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE PARTNERSHIP BONUS GRANTS

20 USC 9881 - Mathematics and science partnership bonus grants

(a) In general
From amounts appropriated under section 9882 of this title, the Secretary shall award a grant

(1) for each of the school years 20072008 through 20102011, to each of the 3 elementary schools, and each of the 3 secondary schools, each of which has a high concentration of low income students as defined in section 6537 (2) of this title, in each State whose students demonstrate the most improvement in mathematics, as measured by the improvement in the students average score on the States assessments in mathematics for the school year for which the grant is awarded, as compared to the school year preceding the school year for which the grant is awarded; and

(2) for each of the school years 20082009 through 20102011, to each of the 3 elementary schools, and each of the 3 secondary schools, each of which has a high concentration of low income students as defined in section 6537 (2) of this title, in each State whose students demonstrate the most improvement in science, as measured by the improvement in the students average score on the States assessments in science for the school year for which the grant is awarded, as compared to the school year preceding the school year for which the grant is awarded.

(b) Grant amount
The amount of each grant awarded under this section shall be $50,000.

20 USC 9882 - Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2008 and each of the 2 succeeding fiscal years.

20 USC 9801 - Findings

Congress makes the following findings:

(1) A well-educated population is essential to retaining Americas competitiveness in the global economy.

(2) The United States needs to build on and expand the impact of existing programs by taking additional, well-coordinated steps to ensure that all students are able to obtain the knowledge the students need to obtain postsecondary education and participate successfully in the workforce or the Armed Forces.

(3) The next steps must be informed by independent information on the effectiveness of current programs in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and critical foreign language education, and by identification of best practices that can be replicated.

(4) Teacher preparation and elementary school and secondary school programs and activities must be aligned with the requirements of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) and the requirements of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.).

(5) The ever increasing knowledge and skill demands of the 21st century require that secondary school preparation and requirements be better aligned with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in postsecondary education and the workforce, and States need better data systems to track educational achievement from prekindergarten through baccalaureate degrees.

20 USC 9802 - Definitions

(a) ESEA definitions
Unless otherwise specified in this chapter, the terms used in this chapter have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of this title.

(b) Other definitions
In this chapter:

(1) Critical foreign language
The term critical foreign language means a foreign language that the Secretary determines, in consultation with the heads of such Federal departments and agencies as the Secretary determines appropriate, is critical to the national security and economic competitiveness of the United States.

(2) Institution of higher education
The term institution of higher education has the meaning given the term in section 1001 (a) of this title.

(3) Secretary
The term Secretary means the Secretary of Education.

(4) Scientifically valid research
The term scientifically valid research includes applied research, basic research, and field-initiated research in which the rationale, design, and interpretation are soundly developed in accordance with accepted principles of scientific research.