TITLE 7 - US CODE - SUBCHAPTER VII - MISCELLANEOUS RESEARCH PROVISIONS

7 USC 5921 - Biotechnology risk assessment research

(a) Purpose 
It is the purpose of this section
(1) to authorize and support environmental assessment research to help identify and analyze environmental effects of biotechnology; and
(2) to authorize research to help regulators develop long-term policies concerning the introduction of such technology.
(b) Grant program 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a grant program within the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and the Agricultural Research Service to provide the necessary funding for environmental assessment research concerning the introduction of genetically engineered animals, plants, and microorganisms into the environment.
(c) Research priorities 
The following types of research shall be given priority for funding:
(1) Research designed to identify and develop appropriate management practices to minimize physical and biological risks associated with genetically engineered animals, plants, and microorganisms.
(2) Research designed to develop methods to monitor the dispersal of genetically engineered animals, plants, and microorganisms.
(3) Research designed to further existing knowledge with respect to the characteristics, rates, and methods of gene transfer that may occur between genetically engineered animals, plants, and microorganisms and related wild and agricultural organisms.
(4) Environmental assessment research designed to provide analysis which compares the relative impacts of animals, plants, and microorganisms modified through genetic engineering to other types of production systems.
(5) Other areas of research designed to further the purposes of this section.
(d) Eligibility requirements 
Grants under this section shall be
(1) made on the basis of the quality of the proposed research project; and
(2) available to any public or private research or educational institution or organization.
(e) Consultation 
In considering specific areas of research for funding under this section, the Secretary of Agriculture shall consult with the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board.
(f) Program coordination 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall coordinate research funded under this section with the Office of Research and Development of the Environmental Protection Agency in order to avoid duplication of research activities.
(g) Authorization of appropriations 

(1) In general 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as necessary to carry out this section.
(2) Withholdings from biotechnology outlays 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall withhold from outlays of the Department of Agriculture for research on biotechnology, as defined and determined by the Secretary, at least 2 percent of such amount for the purpose of making grants under this section for research on biotechnology risk assessment.
(3) Application of funds 
Funds made available under this subsection shall be applied, to the maximum extent practicable, to risk assessment research on all categories identified in subsection (c) of this section.

7 USC 5921a - Repealed. Pub. L. 110234, title VII, 7411, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1255, and Pub. L. 110246, 4(a), title VII, 7411, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2017

Section, Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10802, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 525, related to public information campaign regarding use of biotechnology in producing food for human consumption.

7 USC 5922 - Repealed. Pub. L. 107171, title X, 10705(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 519

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1669, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3768, related to Graduate School of Department of Agriculture.

7 USC 5923 - Rural electronic commerce extension program

(a) Definitions 
In this section:
(1) Development center 
The term development center means
(A) the North Central Regional Center for Rural Development;
(B) the Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development or its designee;
(C) the Southern Rural Development Center; and
(D) the Western Rural Development Center or its designee.
(2) Extension program 
The term extension program means the rural electronic commerce extension program established under subsection (b) of this section.
(3) Microenterprise 
The term microenterprise means a commercial enterprise that has 5 or fewer employees, 1 or more of whom own the enterprise.
(4) Secretary 
The term Secretary means the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Administrator of the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service.
(5) Small business 
The term small business has the meaning given the term small-business concern by section 632 (a) of title 15.
(b) Establishment 
The Secretary shall establish a rural electronic commerce extension program to expand and enhance electronic commerce practices and technology to be used by small businesses and microenterprises in rural areas.
(c) Grants 

(1) In general 
The Secretary shall carry out the program established under subsection (b) of this section by making
(A) grants to each of the development centers; and
(B) competitive grants to land-grant colleges and universities (or consortia of land-grant colleges and universities) and to colleges and universities (including community colleges) with agricultural or rural development programs
(i) to develop and facilitate innovative rural electronic commerce business strategies; and
(ii) to assist small businesses and microenterprises in identifying, adapting, implementing, and using electronic commerce business practices and technologies.
(2) Eligibility 
The selection criteria established for grants awarded under paragraph (1)(B) shall include
(A) the ability of an applicant to provide training and education on best practices, technology transfer, adoption, and use of electronic commerce in rural communities by small businesses and microenterprises;
(B) the extent and geographic diversity of the area served by the proposed project or activity under the extension program;
(C) in the case of a land-grant college or university, the extent of participation of the land-grant college or university in the extension program (including any economic benefits that would result from that participation);
(D) the percentage of funding and in-kind commitments from non-Federal sources that would be needed by and available for a proposed project or activity under the extension program; and
(E) the extent of participation of low-income and minority businesses or microenterprises in a proposed project or activity under the extension program.
(3) Non-Federal share 

(A) In general 
As a condition of the receipt of funds under this section, a development center or grant applicant shall agree to obtain from non-Federal sources (including State, local, nonprofit">nonprofit, or private sector sources) contributions of an amount equal to 50 percent of the grant amount.
(B) Form 
The non-Federal share required under subparagraph (A) may be provided in the form of in-kind contributions.
(C) Exception 
The non-Federal share required under subparagraph (A) may be reduced to 25 percent if the grant recipient serves low-income or minority-owned businesses or microenterprises, as determined by the Secretary.
(d) Report 
Not later than 2 years after May 13, 2002, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes
(1) [1] the policies, practices, and procedures used to assist rural communities in efforts to adopt and use electronic commerce techniques; and
(e) Authorization of appropriations 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007, of which not less than 1/3 of the amount made available for each fiscal year shall be used to carry out activities under subsection (c)(1)(A) of this section.
[1] So in original. No par. (2) has been enacted.

7 USC 5924 - Agricultural Genome Initiative

(a) Goals 
The goals of this section are
(1) to expand the knowledge of public and private sector entities and persons concerning genomes for species of importance to the food and agriculture sectors in order to maximize the return on the investment in genomics of agriculturally important species;
(2) to focus on the species that will yield scientifically important results that will enhance the usefulness of many agriculturally important species;
(3) to build on genomic research, such as the Human Genome Initiative and the Arabidopsis Genome Project, to understand gene structure and function that is expected to have considerable payoffs in agriculturally important species;
(4) to develop improved bioinformatics to enhance both sequence or structure determination and analysis of the biological function of genes and gene products;
(5) to encourage Federal Government participants to maximize the utility of public and private partnerships for agricultural genome research;
(6) to allow resources developed under this section, including data, software, germplasm, and other biological materials, to be openly accessible to all persons, subject to any confidentiality requirements imposed by law; and
(7) to encourage international partnerships with each partner country responsible for financing its own strategy for agricultural genome research.
(b) Duties of Secretary 
The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the Secretary) shall conduct a research initiative (to be known as the Agricultural Genome Initiative) for the purpose of
(1) studying and mapping agriculturally significant genes to achieve sustainable and secure agricultural production;
(2) ensuring that current gaps in existing agricultural genetics knowledge are filled;
(3) identifying and developing a functional understanding of genes responsible for economically important traits in agriculturally important species, including emerging plant and animal pathogens and diseases causing economic hardship;
(4) ensuring future genetic improvement of agriculturally important species;
(5) supporting preservation of diverse germplasm;
(6) ensuring preservation of biodiversity to maintain access to genes that may be of importance in the future;
(7) reducing the economic impact of plant pathogens on commercially important crop plants; and
(8) otherwise carrying out this section.
(c) Grants and cooperative agreements 

(1) Authority 
The Secretary may make grants or enter into cooperative agreements with individuals and organizations in accordance with section 3318 of this title.
(2) Competitive basis 
A grant or cooperative agreement under this subsection shall be made or entered into on a competitive basis.
(d) Administration 
Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to the making of a grant or cooperative agreement under this section.
(e) Matching of funds 

(1) General requirement 
If a grant or cooperative agreement under this section provides a particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, the Secretary shall require the recipient to provide funds or in-kind support to match the amount of funds provided by the Secretary under the grant or cooperative agreement.
(2) Waiver 
The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement of paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that
(A) the results of the project, while of particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
(B) the project involves a minor commodity, the project deals with scientifically important research, and the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
(f) Consultation with National Academy of Sciences 
The Secretary may use funds made available under this section to consult with the National Academy of Sciences regarding the administration of the Agricultural Genome Initiative.

7 USC 5925 - High-priority research and extension initiatives

(a) Competitive specialized research and extension grants authorized 
The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the Secretary) may make competitive grants to support research and extension activities specified in subsections (e) through (i) of this section. The Secretary shall make the grants in consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board.
(b) Administration 

(1) In general 
Except as otherwise provided in this section, paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to the making of grants under this section.
(2) Use of task forces 
To facilitate the making of research and extension grants under this section in the research and extension areas specified in subsections (e) through (i) of this section, the Secretary may appoint a task force for each such area to make recommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary may not incur costs in excess of $1,000 for any fiscal year in connection with each task force established under this paragraph.
(c) Matching funds required 

(1) In general 
The Secretary shall require the recipient of a grant under this section to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in an amount at least equal to the amount provided by the Federal Government.
(2) Waiver authority 
The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement specified in paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that
(A) the results of the project, while of particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
(B) the project involves a minor commodity, the project deals with scientifically important research, and the grant recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
(d) Partnerships encouraged 
Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary shall provide a priority to those grant proposals, found in the peer review process to be scientifically meritorious, that involve the cooperation of multiple entities.
(e) High-priority research and extension areas 

(1) Ethanol research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of carrying out or enhancing research on ethanol derived from agricultural crops as an alternative fuel source.
(2) Aflatoxin research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of identifying, improving, and eventually commercializing, alfatoxin controls in corn and other affected agricultural products and crops.
(3) Prickly pear research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of investigating enhanced genetic selection and processing techniques of prickly pears.
(4) Deer tick ecology research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of studying the population ecology of deer ticks and other insects and pests that transmit Lyme disease.
(5) Peanut market enhancement research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of evaluating the economics of applying innovative technologies for peanut processing in a commercial environment.
(6) Dairy financial risk management research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of providing research, development, or education materials, information, and outreach programs regarding risk management strategies for dairy producers and for dairy cooperatives and other processors and marketers of milk.
(7) Cotton research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of improving pest management, fiber quality enhancement, economic assessment, textile production, and optimized production systems for short staple cotton.
(8) Methyl bromide research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of
(A) developing and evaluating chemical and nonchemical alternatives, and use and emission reduction strategies, for pre-planting and post-harvest uses of methyl bromide; and
(B) transferring the results of the research for use by agricultural producers.
(9) Potato research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing and evaluating new strains of potatoes that are resistant to blight and other diseases, as well as insects. Emphasis may be placed on developing potato varieties that lend themselves to innovative marketing approaches.
(10) Wood use research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing new uses for wood from underused tree species as well as investigating methods of modifying wood and wood fibers to produce better building materials.
(11) Wetlands use research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of better use of wetlands in diverse ways to provide various economic, agricultural, and environmental benefits.
(12) Food safety, including pathogen detection and limitation, research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of increasing food safety, including the identification of advanced detection and processing methods to limit the presence of pathogens (including hepatitis A and E. coli 0157:H7) in domestic and imported foods.
(13) Financial risk management research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of providing research, development, or education materials, information, and outreach programs regarding financial risk management strategies for agricultural producers and for cooperatives and other processors and marketers of any agricultural commodity.
(14) Ornamental tropical fish research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of meeting the needs of commercial producers of ornamental tropical fish and aquatic plants for improvements in the areas of fish reproduction, health, nutrition, predator control, water use, water quality control, and farming technology.
(15) Gypsy moth research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing biological control, management, and eradication methods against nonnative insects, including Lymantria dispar (commonly known as the gypsy moth), that contribute to significant agricultural, economic, or environmental harm.
(16) Tomato spotted wilt virus research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of control, management, and eradication of tomato spotted wilt virus.
(17) Genetically modified agriculture products (GMAP) research 
Research grants may be made under this section for the purposes of providing unbiased, science-based evaluation of the risks and benefits to the public and the environment of specific genetically modified plant and animal products. Grants may be used to form interdisciplinary teams to review and conduct research on scientific, social, economic, and ethical issues during the review process, to answer questions raised by the release of new genetically modified agriculture products, to conduct fundamental studies on the health and environmental safety of genetically modified agriculture products (including quantitative risk assessment, the effect of specific genetically modified agriculture products on human health, and gene flow studies), to communicate the risk of genetically modified agriculture products through extension and education programs, and to engage the public and industry in relevant issues.
(18) Land use management research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of evaluating the environmental benefits of land use management tools such as those provided in the Farmland Protection Program.
(19) Water and air quality research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of better understanding agricultural impacts to air and water quality and means to address them.
(20) Revenue and insurance tools research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of better understanding the impact of revenue and insurance tools on farm income.
(21) Agrotourism research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of better understanding the economic, environmental, and food systems impacts of agrotourism.
(22) Nitrogen-fixation by plants 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of enhancing the nitrogen-fixing ability and efficiency of legumes, developing new varieties of legumes that fix nitrogen more efficiently, and developing new varieties of other commercially important crops that potentially are able to fix nitrogen.
(23) Environment and private lands research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of researching the use of computer models to aid in assessment of best management practices on a watershed basis, working with government, industry, and private landowners to help craft industry-led solutions to identified environmental issues, researching and monitoring water, air, or soil environmental quality to aid in the development of new approaches to local environmental concerns, and working with local, State, and federal officials to help craft effective environmental solutions that respect private property rights and agricultural production realities.
(24) Livestock disease research and extension 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of identifying possible livestock disease threats, educating the public regarding livestock disease threats, training persons to deal with such threats, and conducting related research.
(25) Plant gene expression 
Research grants may be made under this section for the purpose of plant gene expression research to accelerate the application of basic plant genomic science to the development and testing of new varieties of enhanced food crops, crops that can be used as renewable energy sources, and other alternative uses of agricultural crops.
(26) Animal infectious diseases research 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of developing prevention and control methodologies for animal infectious diseases (including evaluation under field conditions in countries in which an animal disease occurs) such as laboratory tests for quicker detection of infected animals and presence of disease, prevention strategies (including vaccination programs), and rapid diagnostic techniques for animal disease agents considered to be risks for agricultural bioterrorism attack.
(27) Program to combat childhood obesity 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to institutions of higher education with demonstrated capacity in basic and clinical obesity research, nutrition research, and community health education research to develop and evaluate community-wide strategies that catalyze partnerships between families and health care, education, recreation, mass media, and other community resources to reduce the incidence of childhood obesity.
(28) Integrated pest management 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to coordinate and improve research, education, and outreach on, and implementation on farms of, integrated pest management.
(29) Sugarcane genetics 
Research grants may be made under this section for the purpose of maintaining acceptable yields under reduced production inputs, implementing marker-assisted breeding strategies and other basic plant genomic technologies to screen for improved plant resistance to diseases, weeds, and insects toward minimizing pesticide use, enhancing food, fiber and energy production, and developing varieties for maximum performance under prevailing conditions, including management for improved soil and water conservation.
(30) Air emissions from livestock operations 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of conducting field verification tests and developing mitigation options for air emissions from animal feeding operations.
(31) Swine genome project 
Research grants may be made under this section to conduct swine genome research, including the mapping of the swine genome.
(32) Cattle fever tick program 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study cattle fever ticks to facilitate understanding of the role of wildlife in the persistence and spread of cattle fever ticks, to develop advanced methods for eradication of cattle fever ticks, and to improve management of diseases relating to cattle fever ticks that are associated with wildlife, livestock, and human health.
(33) Synthetic gypsum 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study the uses of synthetic gypsum from electric power plants to remediate soil and nutrient losses.
(34) Cranberry research program 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study new technologies to assist cranberry growers in complying with Federal and State environmental regulations, increase production, develop new growing techniques, establish more efficient growing methodologies, and educate cranberry producers about sustainable growth practices.
(35) Sorghum research initiative 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study the use of sorghum as a bioenergy feedstock, promote diversification in, and the environmental benefits of sorghum production, and promote water conservation through the use of sorghum.
(36) Marine shrimp farming program 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to establish a research program to advance and maintain a domestic shrimp farming industry in the United States.
(37) Turfgrass research initiative 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study the production of turfgrass (including the use of water, fertilizer, pesticides, fossil fuels, and machinery for turf establishment and maintenance) and environmental protection and enhancement relating to turfgrass production.
(38) Agricultural worker safety research initiative 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section
(A) to study and demonstrate methods to minimize exposure of farm and ranch owners and operators, pesticide handlers, and agricultural workers to pesticides, including research addressing the unique concerns of farm workers resulting from long-term exposure to pesticides; and
(B) to develop rapid tests for on-farm use to better inform and educate farmers, ranchers, and farm and ranch workers regarding safe field re-entry intervals.
(39) High plains aquifer region 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to carry out interdisciplinary research relating to diminishing water levels and increased demand for water in the High Plains aquifer region.
(40) Deer initiative 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to support collaborative research focusing on the development of viable strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious, parasitic, and toxic diseases of farmed deer and the mapping of the deer genome.
(41) Pasture-based beef systems research initiative 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study the development of forage sequences and combinations for cow-calf, heifer development, stocker, and finishing systems, to deliver optimal nutritive value for efficient production of cattle for pasture finishing, to optimize forage systems to improve marketability of pasture-finished beef, and to assess the effect of forage quality on reproductive fitness.
(42) Agricultural practices relating to climate change 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for field and laboratory studies that examine the ecosystem from gross to minute scales and for projects that explore the relationship of agricultural practices to climate change.
(43) Brucellosis control and eradication 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to conduct research relating to the development of vaccines and vaccine delivery systems to effectively control and eliminate brucellosis in wildlife, and to assist with the controlling of the spread of brucellosis from wildlife to domestic animals.
(44) Bighorn and domestic sheep disease mechanisms 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to conduct research relating to the health status of (including the presence of infectious diseases in) bighorn and domestic sheep under range conditions.
(45) Agricultural development in the American-Pacific region 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to support food and agricultural science at a consortium of land-grant institutions in the American-Pacific region.
(46) Tropical and subtropical agricultural research 
Research grants may be made under this section, in equal dollar amounts to the Caribbean and Pacific Basins, to support tropical and subtropical agricultural research, including pest and disease research, at the land-grant institutions in the Caribbean and Pacific regions.
(47) Viral hemorrhagic septicemia 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study
(A) the effects of viral hemorrhagic septicemia (referred to in this paragraph as VHS) on freshwater fish throughout the natural and expanding range of VHS; and
(B) methods for transmission and human-mediated transport of VHS among waterbodies.
(48) Farm and ranch safety 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to carry out projects to decrease the incidence of injury and death on farms and ranches, including
(A) on-site farm or ranch safety reviews;
(B) outreach and dissemination of farm safety research and interventions to agricultural employers, employees, youth, farm and ranch families, seasonal workers, or other individuals; and
(C) agricultural safety education and training.
(49) Women and minorities in stem fields 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section to increase participation by women and underrepresented minorities from rural areas in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, with priority given to eligible institutions that carry out continuing programs funded by the Secretary.
(50) Alfalfa and forage research program 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of studying improvements in alfalfa and forage yields, biomass and persistence, pest pressures, the bioenergy potential of alfalfa and other forages, and systems to reduce losses during harvest and storage.
(51) Food systems veterinary medicine 
Research grants may be made under this section to address health issues that affect food-producing animals, food safety, and the environment, and to improve information resources, curriculum, and clinical education of students with respect to food animal veterinary medicine and food safety.
(52) Biochar research 
Grants may be made under this section for research, extension, and integrated activities relating to the study of biochar production and use, including considerations of agronomic and economic impacts, synergies of coproduction with bioenergy, and the value of soil enhancements and soil carbon sequestration.
(f) Imported fire ant control, management, and eradication 

(1) Task force 
The Secretary shall establish a task force pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of this section regarding the control, management, and eradication of imported fire ants. The Secretary shall solicit and evaluate grant proposals under this subsection in consultation with the task force.
(2) Initial grants 

(A) Request for proposals 
The Secretary shall publish a request for proposals for grants for research or demonstration projects related to the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants.
(B) Selection 
Not later than 1 year after the date of publication of the request for proposals, the Secretary shall evaluate the grant proposals submitted in response to the request and may select meritorious research or demonstration projects related to the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants to receive an initial grant under this subsection.
(3) Subsequent grants 

(A) Evaluation of initial grants 
If the Secretary awards grants under paragraph (2)(B), the Secretary shall evaluate all of the research or demonstration projects conducted under the grants for their use as the basis of a national plan for the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants by the Federal Government, State and local governments, and owners and operators of land.
(B) Selection 
On the basis of the evaluation under subparagraph (A), the Secretary may select the projects that the Secretary considers most promising for additional research or demonstration related to preparation of a national plan for the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants. The Secretary shall notify the task force of the projects selected under this subparagraph.
(4) Selection and submission of national plan 

(A) Evaluation of subsequent grants 
If the Secretary awards grants under paragraph (3)(B), the Secretary shall evaluate all of the research or demonstration projects conducted under the grants for use as the basis of a national plan for the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants by the Federal Government, State and local governments, and owners and operators of land.
(B) Selection 
On the basis of the evaluation under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall select 1 project funded under paragraph (3)(B), or a combination of those projects, for award of a grant for final preparation of the national plan.
(C) Submission 
The Secretary shall submit to Congress the final national plan prepared under subparagraph (B) for the control, management, and possible eradication of imported fire ants.
(g) Formosan termite research and eradication 

(1) Research program 
The Secretary may make competitive research grants under this subsection to regional and multijurisdictional entities, local government planning organizations, and local governments for the purpose of conducting research for the control, management, and possible eradication of Formosan termites in the United States.
(2) Eradication program 
The Secretary may enter into cooperative agreements with regional and multijurisdictional entities, local government planning organizations, and local governments for the purposes of
(A) conducting projects for the control, management, and possible eradication of Formosan termites in the United States; and
(B) collecting data on the effectiveness of the projects.
(3) Funding priority 
In allocating funds made available to carry out paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide a higher priority for regions or locations with the highest historical rates of infestation of Formosan termites.
(4) Management coordination 
The program management of research grants, cooperative agreements, and projects under this subsection shall be conducted under existing authority in coordination with the national formosan[1] termite management and research demonstration program conducted by the Agricultural Research Service.
(h) Pollinator protection 

(1) Research and extension 

(A) Grants 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section
(i) to survey and collect data on bee colony production and health;
(ii) to investigate pollinator biology, immunology, ecology, genomics, and bioinformatics;
(iii) to conduct research on various factors that may be contributing to or associated with colony collapse disorder, and other serious threats to the health of honey bees and other pollinators, including
(I) parasites and pathogens of pollinators; and
(II) the sublethal effects of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides on honey bees and native and managed pollinators;
(iv) to develop mitigative and preventative measures to improve native and managed pollinator health; and
(v) to promote the health of honey bees and native pollinators through habitat conservation and best management practices.
(B) Authorization of appropriations 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this paragraph $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
(2) Department of Agriculture capacity and infrastructure 

(A) In general 
The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, increase the capacity and infrastructure of the Department
(i) to address colony collapse disorder and other long-term threats to pollinator health, including the hiring of additional personnel; and
(ii) to conduct research on colony collapse disorder and other pollinator issues at the facilities of the Department.
(B) Authorization of appropriations 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this paragraph $7,250,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
(3) Honey bee pest and pathogen surveillance 
There is authorized to be appropriated to conduct a nationwide honey bee pest and pathogen surveillance program $2,750,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
(4) Annual report on response to honey bee colony collapse disorder 
The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report describing the progress made by the Department of Agriculture in
(A) investigating the cause or causes of honey bee colony collapse; and
(B) finding appropriate strategies to reduce colony loss.
(i) Regional centers of excellence 

(1) Establishment 
The Secretary shall prioritize regional centers of excellence established for specific agricultural commodities for the receipt of funding under this section.
(2) Composition 
A regional center of excellence shall be composed of 1 or more colleges and universities (including land-grant institutions, schools of forestry, schools of veterinary medicine, or NLGCA Institutions (as defined in section 3103 of this title)) that provide financial support to the regional center of excellence.
(3) Criteria for regional centers of excellence 
The criteria for consideration to be a regional center of excellence shall include efforts
(A) to ensure coordination and cost-effectiveness by reducing unnecessarily duplicative efforts regarding research, teaching, and extension;
(B) to leverage available resources by using public/private partnerships among agricultural industry groups, institutions of higher education, and the Federal Government;
(C) to implement teaching initiatives to increase awareness and effectively disseminate solutions to target audiences through extension activities;
(D) to increase the economic returns to rural communities by identifying, attracting, and directing funds to high-priority agricultural issues; and
(E) to improve teaching capacity and infrastructure at colleges and universities (including land-grant institutions, schools of forestry, and schools of veterinary medicine).
(j) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2012.
[1] So in original. Probably should be capitalized.

7 USC 5925a - Nutrient management research and extension initiative

(a) Competitive research and extension grants authorized 
The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the Secretary) may make competitive grants to support research and extension activities specified in subsection (e) of this section. The Secretary shall make the grants in consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board.
(b) Administration 

(1) In general 
Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to the making of grants under this section.
(2) Use of task forces 
To facilitate the making of research and extension grants under this section in the research and extension areas specified in subsection (e) of this section, the Secretary may appoint a task force for each such area to make recommendations to the Secretary. The Secretary may not incur costs in excess of $1,000 for any fiscal year in connection with each task force established under this paragraph.
(c) Matching funds required 

(1) In general 
The Secretary shall require the recipient of a grant under this section to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in an amount at least equal to the amount provided by the Federal Government.
(2) Waiver authority 
The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement specified in paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that
(A) the results of the project, while of particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
(B) the project involves a minor commodity, the project deals with scientifically important research, and the grant recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
(d) Priority 
Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to those grant proposals that involve
(1) the cooperation of multiple entities; and
(2) States or regions with a high concentration of livestock, dairy, or poultry operations.
(e) Nutrient management research and extension areas 

(1) Animal waste and odor management 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of
(A) identifying, evaluating, and demonstrating innovative technologies for animal waste management and related air quality management and odor control;
(B) investigating the unique microbiology of specific animal wastes, such as swine waste and dairy and beef cattle waste, to develop improved methods to effectively manage air and water quality; and
(C) conducting information workshops to disseminate the results of the research.
(2) Water quality and aquatic ecosystems 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of investigating the impact on aquatic food webs, especially commercially important aquatic species and their habitats, of microorganisms of the genus Pfiesteria and other microorganisms that are a threat to human or animal health.
(3) Rural and urban interface 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, and demonstrating innovative technologies to be used for animal waste management (including odor control) in rural areas adjacent to urban or suburban areas in connection with waste management activities undertaken in urban or suburban areas.
(4) Animal feed 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of maximizing nutrition management for livestock, while limiting risks, such as mineral bypass, associated with livestock feeding practices.
(5) Alternative uses and renewable energy 
Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of finding innovative methods and technologies to allow agricultural operators to make use of animal waste, such as use as fertilizer, methane digestion, composting, and other useful byproducts.
(f) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2012.

7 USC 5925b - Organic agriculture research and extension initiative

(a) Competitive specialized research and extension grants authorized 
In consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board, the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the Secretary) may make competitive grants to support research and extension activities regarding organically grown and processed agricultural commodities for the purposes of
(1) facilitating the development of organic agriculture production, breeding, and processing methods;
(2) evaluating the potential economic benefits to producers and processors who use organic methods;
(3) exploring international trade opportunities for organically grown and processed agricultural commodities;
(4) determining desirable traits for organic commodities;
(5) identifying marketing and policy constraints on the expansion of organic agriculture;
(6) conducting advanced on-farm research and development that emphasizes observation of, experimentation with, and innovation for working organic farms, including research relating to production and marketing and to socioeconomic conditions;
(7) examining optimal conservation and environmental outcomes relating to organically produced agricultural products; and
(8) developing new and improved seed varieties that are particularly suited for organic agriculture.
(b) Grant types and process, prohibition on construction 
Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to the making of grants under this section.
(c) Matching funds required 

(1) In general 
The Secretary shall require the recipient of a grant under this section to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in an amount at least equal to the amount provided by the Federal Government.
(2) Waiver authority 
The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement specified in paragraph (1) with respect to a research project if the Secretary determines that
(A) the results of the project, while of particular benefit to a specified agricultural commodity, are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
(B) the project involves a minor commodity, the project deals with scientifically important research, and the grant recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement.
(d) Partnerships encouraged 
Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary may provide a priority to those grant proposals, found in the peer review process to be scientifically meritorious, that involve the cooperation of multiple entities.
(e) Funding 
On October 1, 2003, and each October 1 thereafter through October 1, 2007, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer $3,000,000 to the Secretary of Agriculture for this section.
(f) Funding 

(1) In general 
Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this section
(A) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and
(B) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 through 2012.
(2) Additional funding 
In addition to amounts made available under paragraph (1), there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2012.

7 USC 5925c - Organic production and market data initiatives

(a) In general 
The Secretary shall collect and report data on the production and marketing of organic agricultural products.
(b) Requirements 
In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall, at a minimum
(1) collect and distribute comprehensive reporting of prices relating to organically produced agricultural products;
(2) conduct surveys and analysis and publish reports relating to organic production, handling, distribution, retail, and trend studies (including consumer purchasing patterns); and
(3) develop surveys and report statistical analysis on organically produced agricultural products.
(c) Report 
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that
(1) describes the progress that has been made in implementing this section; and
(2) identifies any additional production and marketing data needs.
(d) Funding 

(1) In general 
Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $5,000,000, to remain available until expended.
(2) Additional funding 
In addition to funds made available under paragraph (1), there are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section not more than $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012, to remain available until expended.

7 USC 5925d - International organic research collaboration

The Secretary, acting through the Agricultural Research Service (including the National Agricultural Library) and the Economic Research Service, shall facilitate access by research and extension professionals, farmers, and other interested persons in the United States to, and the use by those persons of, organic research conducted outside the United States.

7 USC 5925e - Agricultural bioenergy feedstock and energy efficiency research and extension initiative

(a) Establishment and purpose 
There is established within the Department of Agriculture an agricultural bioenergy feedstock and energy efficiency research and extension initiative (referred to in this section as the Initiative) for the purpose of enhancing the production of biomass energy crops and the energy efficiency of agricultural operations.
(b) Competitive research and extension grants authorized 
In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall make competitive grants to support research and extension activities specified in subsections (c) and (d).
(c) Agricultural bioenergy feedstock research and extension areas 

(1) In general 
Agricultural bioenergy feedstock research and extension activities funded under the Initiative shall focus on improving agricultural biomass production, biomass conversion in biorefineries, and biomass use by
(A) supporting on-farm research on crop species, nutrient requirements, management practices, environmental impacts, and economics;
(B) supporting the development and operation of on-farm, integrated biomass feedstock production systems;
(C) leveraging the broad scientific capabilities of the Department of Agriculture and other entities in
(i) plant genetics and breeding;
(ii) crop production;
(iii) soil and water science;
(iv) use of agricultural waste; and
(v) carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and lignin chemistry, enzyme development, and biochemistry; and
(D) supporting the dissemination of any of the research conducted under this subsection that will assist in achieving the goals of this section.
(2) Selection criteria 
In selecting grant recipients for projects under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider
(A) the capabilities and experiences of the applicant, including
(i) research in actual field conditions; and
(ii) engineering and research knowledge relating to biofuels or the production of inputs for biofuel production;
(B) the range of species types and cropping practices proposed for study (including species types and practices studied using side-by-side comparisons of those types and practices);
(C) the need for regional diversity among feedstocks;
(D) the importance of developing multiyear data relevant to the production of biomass feedstock crops;
(E) the extent to which the project involves direct participation of agricultural producers;
(F) the extent to which the project proposal includes a plan or commitment to use the biomass produced as part of the project in commercial channels; and
(G) such other factors as the Secretary may determine.
(d) Energy-efficiency research and extension areas 
On-farm energy-efficiency research and extension activities funded under the Initiative shall focus on developing and demonstrating technologies and production practices relating to
(1) improving on-farm renewable energy production;
(2) encouraging efficient on-farm energy use;
(3) promoting on-farm energy conservation;
(4) making a farm or ranch energy-neutral; and
(5) enhancing on-farm usage of advanced technologies to promote energy efficiency.
(e) Best practices database 
The Secretary shall develop a best-practices database that includes information, to be available to the public, on
(1) the production potential of a variety of biomass crops; and
(2) best practices for production, collection, harvesting, storage, and transportation of biomass crops to be used as a source of bioenergy.
(f) Administration 

(1) In general 
Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to making grants under this section.
(2) Consultation and coordination 
The Secretary shall
(A) make the grants in consultation with the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board; and
(B) coordinate projects and activities carried out under the Initiative with projects and activities under section 9008 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that
(i) unnecessary duplication of effort is eliminated or minimized; and
(ii) the respective strengths of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Energy are appropriately used.
(3) Grant priority 
The Secretary shall give priority to grant applications that integrate research and extension activities established under subsections (c) and (d), respectively.
(4) Matching funds required 
As a condition of receiving a grant under this section, the Secretary shall require the recipient of the grant to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in an amount that is at least equal to the amount provided by the Federal Government.
(5) Partnerships encouraged 
Following the completion of a peer review process for grant proposals received under this section, the Secretary may provide a priority to those grant proposals found as a result of the peer review process
(A) to be scientifically meritorious; and
(B) that involve cooperation
(i) among multiple entities; and
(ii) with agricultural producers.
(g) Authorization of appropriations 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

7 USC 5925f - Farm business management

(a) In general 
The Secretary may make competitive research and extension grants for the purpose of
(1) improving the farm management knowledge and skills of agricultural producers; and
(2) establishing and maintaining a national, publicly available farm financial management database to support improved farm management.
(b) Selection criteria 
In allocating funds made available to carry out this section, the Secretary may give priority to grants that
(1) demonstrate an ability to work directly with agricultural producers;
(2) collaborate with farm management and producer associations;
(3) address the farm management needs of a variety of crops and regions of the United States; and
(4) use and support the national farm financial management database.
(c) Administration 
Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B) of subsection (b) of section 450i of this title shall apply with respect to the making of grants under this section.
(d) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.

7 USC 5926 - Repealed. Pub. L. 110234, title VII, 7209, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1241, and Pub. L. 110246, 4(a), title VII, 7209, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2003

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1673, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3773; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, § 407(12), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, § 837, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1169; Pub. L. 105–185, title II, § 245, title III, 301(b)(2), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 556, 563; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, § 7121, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 434, established an agricultural telecommunications program.

7 USC 5927 - Repealed. Pub. L. 104127, title VIII, 864, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1174

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1674, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3775; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, § 407(13), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865, provided for establishment of Agriculture Research Facilities Planning and Closure Study Commission.

7 USC 5928 - Repealed. Pub. L. 105185, title III, 302(c), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 563

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1675, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3777; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, § 407(14), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, § 838, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1169, related to national centers for agricultural product quality research.

7 USC 5929 - Red meat safety research center

(a) Establishment of center 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall award a grant, on a competitive basis, to a research facility described in subsection (b) of this section to establish a red meat safety research center.
(b) Eligible research facility described 
A research facility eligible for a grant under subsection (a) of this section is a research facility that
(1) is part of a land-grant college or university, or other federally supported agricultural research facility, located in close proximity to a livestock slaughter and processing facility; and
(2) is staffed by professionals with a wide diversity of scientific expertise covering all aspects of meat science.
(c) Research conducted 
The red meat safety research center established under subsection (a) of this section shall carry out research related to general food safety, including
(1) the development of intervention strategies that reduce microbiological contamination of carcass surfaces;
(2) research regarding microbiological mapping of carcass surfaces; and
(3) the development of model hazard analysis and critical control point plans.
(d) Administration of funds 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall administer funds appropriated to carry out this section.
(e) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 1997 to carry out this section.

7 USC 5930 - Reservation extension agents

(a) Establishment 
The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Extension Service, shall establish appropriate extension education programs on Indian reservations and tribal jurisdictions. In establishing these extension programs, the Secretary shall consult with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Intertribal Agriculture Council, and the Southwest Indian Agriculture Association, and shall make such interagency cooperative agreements or memoranda of understanding as may be necessary. The programs to be developed and delivered on reservations and within tribal jurisdictions shall be determined with the advice and counsel of reservation or tribal program advisory committees.
(b) Administration and management 
Extension agents shall be employees of, and administratively responsible to, the Cooperative Extension Service of the State within which the reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located, and employment and personnel management responsibilities shall be vested with the State Cooperative Extension Service. In cases where a reservation or tribal jurisdiction is located in two or more States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall make the determination of administrative responsibility, including possible divisions along State boundaries.
(c) Advisory committees 
At the request of a State Extension Director, and with the assistance of the tribal authorities, the Secretary of Agriculture may form an advisory committee to give overall policy and program advice to that State Extension Director with regard to programs conducted on reservations or within tribal jurisdictions. Program advisory committees may be formed to assist extension staff in development and conduct of program activities.
(d) Staffing 
Insofar as possible, agent and specialist staff shall include individuals representative of the tribal grouping being served. Programs shall emphasize training and employment of local people in positions such as program aides, master gardeners, and volunteers. Staffing at a particular location shall be dependent on the needs and priorities of that location, as identified by the advisory committees and the State Extension Director, and the Director may make use of existing personnel and facilities as appropriate.
(e) Placing of agents 
The number of offices and their placement shall be jointly determined by the State Extension Directors and tribal authorities of the respective States by taking into consideration the agricultural acreage within the boundaries of an Indian reservation or tribal jurisdiction, the soil classifications of such acreage, and the population of such reservation or tribal jurisdiction.
(f) Reduced regulatory burden 
On a determination by the Secretary of Agriculture that a program carried out under this section has been satisfactorily administered for not less than 2 years, the Secretary shall implement a reduced reapplication process for the continued operation of the program in order to reduce regulatory burdens on participating university and tribal entities.
(g) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

5931, 5932. Repealed. Pub. L. 104127, title VIII, 865, 866, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1174

Section 5931, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1678, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3780; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, § 407(16), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865, related to special grants to study constraints on agricultural trade. Section 5932, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1679, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3780, provided for establishment of five-year pilot project to coordinate food and nutrition education programs.

7 USC 5933 - Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities

(a) Special demonstration grants 

(1) In general 
The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies, shall make demonstration grants to support cooperative programs between State Cooperative Extension Service agencies and private nonprofit">nonprofit disability organizations to provide on-the-farm agricultural education and assistance directed at accommodating disability in farm operations for individuals with disabilities who are engaged in farming and farm-related occupations and their families.
(2) Eligible services 
Grants awarded under paragraph (1) may be used to support programs serving individuals with disabilities, and their families, who are engaged in farming and farm-related occupations.
(3) Eligible programs 
Grants awarded under paragraph (1) may be used to initiate, expand, or sustain programs that
(A) provide direct education and assistance to accommodate disability in farming to individuals with disabilities who engage in farming and farm-related occupations;
(B) provide on-the-farm technical advice concerning the design, fabrication, and use of agricultural and related equipment, machinery, and tools, and assist in the modification of farm worksites, operations, and living arrangements to accommodate individuals with disabilities who engage in farming, farm living and farm-related tasks;
(C) involve community and health care professionals, including Extension Service agents and others, in the early identification of farm and rural families that are in need of services related to the disability of an individual;
(D) provide specialized education programs to enhance the professional competencies of rural agricultural professionals, rehabilitation and health care providers, vocational counselors, and other providers of service to individuals with disabilities, and their families, who engage in farming or farm-related occupations; and
(E) mobilize rural volunteer resources, including peer counseling among farmers with disabilities and rural ingenuity networks promoting cost effective methods or accommodating disabilities in farming and farm-related activities.
(4) Extension Service agencies 
Grants shall be awarded under this subsection directly to State Extension Service agencies to enable them to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with private nonprofit">nonprofit community-based direct service organizations to initiate, expand, or sustain cooperative programs described under paragraphs (2) and (3).
(5) Minimum amount 
A grant awarded under this subsection may not be less than $150,000.
(6) Consideration for grants for new programs 
For each fiscal year that amounts are made available for grants under this subsection, the Secretary may make grants in a manner that ensures that eligible entities who apply for grants, but have not previously received a grant under this subsection, are given full consideration.
(b) National grant for technical assistance, training, and dissemination 
The Secretary of Agriculture shall award a competitive grant to a national private nonprofit">nonprofit disability organization to enable such organization to provide technical assistance, training, information dissemination and other activities to support community-based direct service programs of on-site rural rehabilitation and assistive technology for individuals with disabilities, and their families, who are engaged in farming or farm-related occupations.
(c) Authorization of appropriations 

(1) In general 
Subject to paragraph (2), there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2012.
(2) National grant 
Not more than 15 percent of the amounts made available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year shall be used to carry out subsection (b) of this section.

7 USC 5934 - Repealed. Pub. L. 110234, title VII, 7211, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1242, and Pub. L. 110246, 4(a), title VII, 7211, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2003

Section, Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1681, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3782; Pub. L. 102–237, title IV, § 407(17), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1865, related to research on honeybee diseases.

7 USC 5935 - Use of remote sensing data and other data to anticipate potential food, feed, and fiber shortages or excesses and to provide timely information to assist farmers with planting decisions

(a) Findings 
Congress finds that
(1) remote sensing data can be useful to predict impending famine problems and forest infestations in time to allow remedial action;
(2) remote sensing data can inform the agricultural community as to the condition of crops and the land that sustains those crops; and
(3) remote sensing data and other data can be valuable, when received on a timely basis, in determining the need for additional plantings of a particular crop or a substitute crop.
(b) Information development 
The Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, maximizing private funding and involvement, shall provide farmers and other interested persons with timely information, through remote sensing, on crop conditions, fertilization and irrigation needs, pest infiltration, soil conditions, projected food, feed, and fiber production, and any other information available through remote sensing.
(c) Coordination 
The Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall jointly develop a proposal to provide farmers and other prospective users with supply and demand information for food and fibers.
(d) Sunset 
The authorities provided by this section shall expire 5 years after April 4, 1996.

7 USC 5936 - Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network

(a) In general 
The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall make competitive grants to support cooperative programs between State cooperative extension services and nonprofit">nonprofit organizations to establish a Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network that provides stress assistance programs to individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other agriculture-related occupations.
(b) Eligible programs 
Grants awarded under subsection (a) may be used to initiate, expand, or sustain programs that provide professional agricultural behavioral health counseling and referral for other forms of assistance as necessary through
(1) farm telephone helplines and websites;
(2) community education;
(3) support groups;
(4) outreach services and activities; and
(5) home delivery of assistance, in a case in which a farm resident is homebound.
(c) Extension services 
Grants shall be awarded under this subsection directly to State cooperative extension services to enable the State cooperative extension services to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with nonprofit">nonprofit, community-based, direct-service organizations to initiate, expand, or sustain cooperative programs described in subsections (a) and (b).
(d) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

7 USC 5937 - Natural products research program

(a) In general 
The Secretary shall establish within the Department a natural products research program.
(b) Duties 
In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate research relating to natural products, including
(1) research to improve human health and agricultural productivity through the discovery, development, and commercialization of products and agrichemicals from bioactive natural products, including products from plant, marine, and microbial sources;
(2) research to characterize the botanical sources, production, chemistry, and biological properties of plant-derived natural products; and
(3) other research priorities identified by the Secretary.
(c) Peer and merit review 
The Secretary shall
(1) determine the relevance and merit of research under this section through a system of peer review established by the Secretary pursuant to section 7613 of this title; and
(2) approve funding for research on the basis of merit, quality, and relevance to advancing the purposes of this section.
(d) Buildings and facilities 
Funds made available under this section shall not be used for the construction of a new building or facility or the acquisition, expansion, remodeling, or alteration of an existing building or facility (including site grading and improvement and architect fees).
(e) Authorization of appropriations 
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as are necessary for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

7 USC 5938 - Agricultural and rural transportation research and education

(a) In general 
The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation, shall make competitive grants to institutions of higher education to carry out agricultural and rural transportation research and education activities.
(b) Activities 
Research and education grants made under this section shall be used to address rural transportation and logistics needs of agricultural producers and related rural businesses, including
(1) the transportation of biofuels; and
(2) the export of agricultural products.
(c) Selection criteria 

(1) In general 
The Secretary shall award grants under this section on the basis of the transportation research, education, and outreach expertise of the applicant, as determined by the Secretary.
(2) Priority 
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to institutions of higher education for use in coordinating research and education activities with other institutions of higher education with similar agricultural and rural transportation research and education programs.
(d) Diversification of research 
The Secretary shall award grants under this section in areas that are regionally diverse and broadly representative of the diversity of agricultural production and related transportation needs in the rural areas of the United States.
(e) Matching funds requirement 
The Secretary shall require each recipient of a grant under this section to provide, from non-Federal sources, in cash or in kind, 50 percent of the cost of carrying out activities under the grant.
(f) Grant review 
A grant shall be awarded under this section on a competitive, peer- and merit-reviewed basis in accordance with section 7613 (a) of this title.
(g) No duplication 
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that activities funded under this section do not duplicate the efforts of the University Transportation Centers described in sections 5505 and 5506 of title 49.
(h) Authorization of appropriations 
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.