42 U.S.C. § 1395w102 - Prescription drug benefits

42 USC 1395w102 - Prescription drug benefits

(a) Requirements 

(1) In general 
For purposes of this part and part C of this subchapter, the term qualified prescription drug coverage means either of the following:
(A) Standard prescription drug coverage with access to negotiated prices 
Standard prescription drug coverage (as defined in subsection (b) of this section) and access to negotiated prices under subsection (d) of this section.
(B) Alternative prescription drug coverage with at least actuarially equivalent benefits and access to negotiated prices 
Coverage of covered part D drugs which meets the alternative prescription drug coverage requirements of subsection (c) of this section and access to negotiated prices under subsection (d) of this section, but only if the benefit design of such coverage is approved by the Secretary, as provided under subsection (c) of this section.
(2) Permitting supplemental prescription drug coverage 

(A) In general 
Subject to subparagraph (B), qualified prescription drug coverage may include supplemental prescription drug coverage consisting of either or both of the following:
(i) Certain reductions in cost-sharing
(I) In general A reduction in the annual deductible, a reduction in the coinsurance percentage, or an increase in the initial coverage limit with respect to covered part D drugs, or any combination thereof, insofar as such a reduction or increase increases the actuarial value of benefits above the actuarial value of basic prescription drug coverage.
(II) Construction Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as affecting the application of subsection (c)(3) of this section.
(ii) Optional drugs Coverage of any product that would be a covered part D drug but for the application of subsection (e)(2)(A) of this section.
(B) Requirement 
A PDP sponsor may not offer a prescription drug plan that provides supplemental prescription drug coverage pursuant to subparagraph (A) in an area unless the sponsor also offers a prescription drug plan in the area that only provides basic prescription drug coverage.
(3) Basic prescription drug coverage 
For purposes of this part and part C of this subchapter, the term basic prescription drug coverage means either of the following:
(A) Coverage that meets the requirements of paragraph (1)(A).
(B) Coverage that meets the requirements of paragraph (1)(B) but does not have any supplemental prescription drug coverage described in paragraph (2)(A).
(4) Application of secondary payor provisions 
The provisions of section 1395w–22 (a)(4) of this title shall apply under this part in the same manner as they apply under part C of this subchapter.
(5) Construction 
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as changing the computation of incurred costs under subsection (b)(4) of this section.
(b) Standard prescription drug coverage 
For purposes of this part and part C of this subchapter, the term standard prescription drug coverage means coverage of covered part D drugs that meets the following requirements:
(1) Deductible 

(A) In general 
The coverage has an annual deductible
(i) for 2006, that is equal to $250; or
(ii) for a subsequent year, that is equal to the amount specified under this paragraph for the previous year increased by the percentage specified in paragraph (6) for the year involved.
(B) Rounding 
Any amount determined under subparagraph (A)(ii) that is not a multiple of $5 shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $5.
(2) Benefit structure 

(A) 25 percent coinsurance 
The coverage has coinsurance (for costs above the annual deductible specified in paragraph (1) and up to the initial coverage limit under paragraph (3)) that is
(i) equal to 25 percent; or
(ii) actuarially equivalent (using processes and methods established under section 1395w–111 (c) of this title) to an average expected payment of 25 percent of such costs.
(B) Use of tiers 
Nothing in this part shall be construed as preventing a PDP sponsor or an MA organization from applying tiered copayments under a plan, so long as such tiered copayments are consistent with subparagraph (A)(ii).
(3) Initial coverage limit 

(A) In general 
Except as provided in paragraph (4), the coverage has an initial coverage limit on the maximum costs that may be recognized for payment purposes (including the annual deductible)
(i) for 2006, that is equal to $2,250; or
(ii) for a subsequent year, that is equal to the amount specified in this paragraph for the previous year, increased by the annual percentage increase described in paragraph (6) for the year involved.
(B) Rounding 
Any amount determined under subparagraph (A)(ii) that is not a multiple of $10 shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $10.
(4) Protection against high out-of-pocket expenditures 

(A) In general 

(i) In general The coverage provides benefits, after the part D eligible individual has incurred costs (as described in subparagraph (C)) for covered part D drugs in a year equal to the annual out-of-pocket threshold specified in subparagraph (B), with cost-sharing that is equal to the greater of
(I) a copayment of $2 for a generic drug or a preferred drug that is a multiple source drug (as defined in section 1396r–8 (k)(7)(A)(i) of this title) and $5 for any other drug; or
(II) coinsurance that is equal to 5 percent.
(ii) Adjustment of amount For a year after 2006, the dollar amounts specified in clause (i)(I) shall be equal to the dollar amounts specified in this subparagraph for the previous year, increased by the annual percentage increase described in paragraph (6) for the year involved. Any amount established under this clause that is not a multiple of a 5 cents shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of 5 cents.
(B) Annual out-of-pocket threshold 

(i) In general For purposes of this part, the annual out-of-pocket threshold specified in this subparagraph
(I) for 2006, is equal to $3,600; or
(II) for a subsequent year, is equal to the amount specified in this subparagraph for the previous year, increased by the annual percentage increase described in paragraph (6) for the year involved.
(ii) Rounding Any amount determined under clause (i)(II) that is not a multiple of $50 shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $50.
(C) Application 
In applying subparagraph (A)
(i) incurred costs shall only include costs incurred with respect to covered part D drugs for the annual deductible described in paragraph (1), for cost-sharing described in paragraph (2), and for amounts for which benefits are not provided because of the application of the initial coverage limit described in paragraph (3), but does not include any costs incurred for covered part D drugs which are not included (or treated as being included) in the plans formulary; and
(ii) such costs shall be treated as incurred only if they are paid by the part D eligible individual (or by another person, such as a family member, on behalf of the individual), under section 1395w–114 of this title, or under a State Pharmaceutical Assistance Program and the part D eligible individual (or other person) is not reimbursed through insurance or otherwise, a group health plan, or other third-party payment arrangement (other than under such section or such a Program) for such costs.
(D) Information regarding third-party reimbursement 

(i) Procedures for exchanging information In order to accurately apply the requirements of subparagraph (C)(ii), the Secretary is authorized to establish procedures, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Labor
(I) for determining whether costs for part D eligible individuals are being reimbursed through insurance or otherwise, a group health plan, or other third-party payment arrangement; and
(II) for alerting the PDP sponsors and MA organizations that offer the prescription drug plans and MAPD plans in which such individuals are enrolled about such reimbursement arrangements.
(ii) Authority to request information from enrollees A PDP sponsor or an MA organization may periodically ask part D eligible individuals enrolled in a prescription drug plan or an MAPD plan offered by the sponsor or organization whether such individuals have or expect to receive such third-party reimbursement. A material misrepresentation of the information described in the preceding sentence by an individual (as defined in standards set by the Secretary and determined through a process established by the Secretary) shall constitute grounds for termination of enrollment in any plan under section 1395w–21 (g)(3)(B) of this title (and as applied under this part under section 1395w–101 (b)(1)(B)(v) of this title) for a period specified by the Secretary.
(5) Construction 
Nothing in this part shall be construed as preventing a PDP sponsor or an MA organization offering an MAPD plan from reducing to zero the cost-sharing otherwise applicable to preferred or generic drugs.
(6) Annual percentage increase 
The annual percentage increase specified in this paragraph for a year is equal to the annual percentage increase in average per capita aggregate expenditures for covered part D drugs in the United States for part D eligible individuals, as determined by the Secretary for the 12-month period ending in July of the previous year using such methods as the Secretary shall specify.
(c) Alternative prescription drug coverage requirements 
A prescription drug plan or an MAPD plan may provide a different prescription drug benefit design from standard prescription drug coverage so long as the Secretary determines (consistent with section 1395w–111 (c) of this title) that the following requirements are met and the plan applies for, and receives, the approval of the Secretary for such benefit design:
(1) Assuring at least actuarially equivalent coverage 

(A) Assuring equivalent value of total coverage 
The actuarial value of the total coverage is at least equal to the actuarial value of standard prescription drug coverage.
(B) Assuring equivalent unsubsidized value of coverage 
The unsubsidized value of the coverage is at least equal to the unsubsidized value of standard prescription drug coverage. For purposes of this subparagraph, the unsubsidized value of coverage is the amount by which the actuarial value of the coverage exceeds the actuarial value of the subsidy payments under section 1395w–115 of this title with respect to such coverage.
(C) Assuring standard payment for costs at initial coverage limit 
The coverage is designed, based upon an actuarially representative pattern of utilization, to provide for the payment, with respect to costs incurred that are equal to the initial coverage limit under subsection (b)(3) of this section for the year, of an amount equal to at least the product of
(i) the amount by which the initial coverage limit described in subsection (b)(3) of this section for the year exceeds the deductible described in subsection (b)(1) of this section for the year; and
(ii) 100 percent minus the coinsurance percentage specified in subsection (b)(2)(A)(i) of this section.
(2) Maximum required deductible 
The deductible under the coverage shall not exceed the deductible amount specified under subsection (b)(1) of this section for the year.
(3) Same protection against high out-of-pocket expenditures 
The coverage provides the coverage required under subsection (b)(4) of this section.
(d) Access to negotiated prices 

(1) Access 

(A) In general 
Under qualified prescription drug coverage offered by a PDP sponsor offering a prescription drug plan or an MA organization offering an MAPD plan, the sponsor or organization shall provide enrollees with access to negotiated prices used for payment for covered part D drugs, regardless of the fact that no benefits may be payable under the coverage with respect to such drugs because of the application of a deductible or other cost-sharing or an initial coverage limit (described in subsection (b)(3) of this section).
(B) Negotiated prices 
For purposes of this part, negotiated prices shall take into account negotiated price concessions, such as discounts, direct or indirect subsidies, rebates, and direct or indirect remunerations, for covered part D drugs, and include any dispensing fees for such drugs.
(C) Medicaid-related provisions 
The prices negotiated by a prescription drug plan, by an MAPD plan with respect to covered part D drugs, or by a qualified retiree prescription drug plan (as defined in section 1395w–132 (a)(2) of this title) with respect to such drugs on behalf of part D eligible individuals, shall (notwithstanding any other provision of law) not be taken into account for the purposes of establishing the best price under section 1395r–8 (c)(1)(C) of this title.
(2) Disclosure 
A PDP sponsor offering a prescription drug plan or an MA organization offering an MAPD plan shall disclose to the Secretary (in a manner specified by the Secretary) the aggregate negotiated price concessions described in paragraph (1)(B) made available to the sponsor or organization by a manufacturer which are passed through in the form of lower subsidies, lower monthly beneficiary prescription drug premiums, and lower prices through pharmacies and other dispensers. The provisions of section 1396r–8 (b)(3)(D) of this title apply to information disclosed to the Secretary under this paragraph.
(3) Audits 
To protect against fraud and abuse and to ensure proper disclosures and accounting under this part and in accordance with section 1395w–27 (d)(2)(B) of this title (as applied under section 1395w–112 (b)(3)(C) of this title), the Secretary may conduct periodic audits, directly or through contracts, of the financial statements and records of PDP sponsors with respect to prescription drug plans and MA organizations with respect to MAPD plans.
(e) Covered part D drug defined 

(1) In general 
Except as provided in this subsection, for purposes of this part, the term covered part D drug means
(A) a drug that may be dispensed only upon a prescription and that is described in subparagraph (A)(i), (A)(ii), or (A)(iii) of section 1396r–8 (k)(2) of this title; or
(B) a biological product described in clauses (i) through (iii) of subparagraph (B) of such section or insulin described in subparagraph (C) of such section and medical supplies associated with the injection of insulin (as defined in regulations of the Secretary),

and such term includes a vaccine licensed under section 262 of this title (and, for vaccines administered on or after January 1, 2008, its administration) and any use of a covered part D drug for a medically accepted indication (as defined in section 1396r–8 (k)(6) of this title).

(2) Exclusions 

(A) In general 
Such term does not include drugs or classes of drugs, or their medical uses, which may be excluded from coverage or otherwise restricted under section 1396r–8 (d)(2) of this title, other than subparagraph (E) of such section (relating to smoking cessation agents), or under section 1396r–8 (d)(3) of this title, as such sections were in effect on December 8, 2003. Such term also does not include a drug when used for the treatment of sexual or erectile dysfunction, unless such drug were used to treat a condition, other than sexual or erectile dysfunction, for which the drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
(B) Medicare covered drugs 
A drug prescribed for a part D eligible individual that would otherwise be a covered part D drug under this part shall not be so considered if payment for such drug as so prescribed and dispensed or administered with respect to that individual is available (or would be available but for the application of a deductible) under part A or B of this subchapter for that individual.
(3) Application of general exclusion provisions 
A prescription drug plan or an MAPD plan may exclude from qualified prescription drug coverage any covered part D drug
(A) for which payment would not be made if section 1395y (a) of this title applied to this part; or
(B) which is not prescribed in accordance with the plan or this part.

Such exclusions are determinations subject to reconsideration and appeal pursuant to subsections (g) and (h), respectively, of section 1395w–104 of this title.

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